What do systematic reviews say?

Summary of findings table ‐ Daratumumab plus standard therapy vs usual care

Summary of findings table ‐ Daratumumab plus standard therapy probably leads to lower overall survival (at 36 months) compared with standard therapy (moderate certainty).

• Daratumumab and antineoplastic therapy versus antineoplastic therapy only for adults with newly diagnosed multiple… 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.64 [0.53, 0.76]
  2 studies · 1443 participants
  Moderate

Anti‐EGFR antibody plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Anti‐EGFR antibody plus chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with chemotherapy alone (moderate certainty).

• Epidermal growth factor receptor blockers for the treatment of ovarian cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.93 [0.74, 1.18]
  4 studies · 658 participants
  Moderate

Anti‐angiogenic drugs plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Anti‐angiogenic drugs plus chemotherapy probably leads to lower overall survival† compared with chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

• Systemic treatments for metastatic cutaneous melanoma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.6 [0.45, 0.81]
  324 participants
  Moderate

First‐line chemotherapy vs BSC

• Chemotherapy versus best supportive care for extensive small cell lung cancer 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 65 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings 1: PLD with chemotherapy vs alternative combination chemotherapy

Summary of findings 1: PLD with chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival (OS) compared with alternative combination chemotherapy (moderate certainty).

• Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin for relapsed epithelial ovarian cancer 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.93 [0.83, 1.04]
  5 studies · 2006 participants
  Moderate

FOLFOX + targeted therapy vs FOLFOX

It is very uncertain whether FOLFOX + targeted therapy changes overall survival compared with FOLFOX (very low certainty).

• Second‐line systemic therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.92 [0.82, 1.04]
  2 studies · 1432 participants
  Very low

Daily conventionally fractionated radiotherapy vs supportive care

Daily conventionally fractionated radiotherapy probably leads to higher overall survival compared with no radiotherapy (supportive care alone) (moderate certainty).

• External beam radiation dose escalation for high grade glioma 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 2.01 [1.58, 2.55]
  4 studies · 397 participants
  Moderate

FOLFIRI + targeted therapy vs FOLFIRI

FOLFIRI + targeted therapy leads to lower overall survival compared with FOLFIRI (high certainty).

• Second‐line systemic therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.84 [0.77, 0.91]
  6 studies · 3335 participants
  High

Post‐surgical chemotherapy vs surgery

Post‐surgical chemotherapy leads to lower overall Survival (OS) compared with surgery alone (high certainty).

• Post‐surgical chemotherapy versus surgery alone for resectable gastric cancer 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.85 [0.8, 0.9]
  34 studies · 7523 participants
  High

Chemotherapy with TKI followed by TKI maintenance vs chemotherapy alone

Chemotherapy with TKI followed by TKI maintenance showed no clear difference in overall survival (OS) compared with chemotherapy alone (low certainty).

• Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.86 [0.67, 1.11]
  1 study · 282 participants
  Low

Chemotherapy with TKI (peptide‐Fc fusion protein) vs chemotherapy alone

Chemotherapy with TKI (peptide‐Fc fusion protein) showed no clear difference in overall survival (OS) compared with chemotherapy alone (moderate certainty).

• Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.92 [0.8, 1.06]
  3 studies · 1250 participants
  Moderate

Chemotherapy with TKI followed by TKI maintenance vs chemotherapy alone

Chemotherapy with TKI followed by TKI maintenance showed no clear difference in overall survival (OS) compared with chemotherapy alone (moderate certainty).

• Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.99 [0.84, 1.17]
  2 studies · 1451 participants
  Moderate

Anti‐CTLA4 monoclonal antibodies plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

Anti‐CTLA4 monoclonal antibodies plus chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival† compared with chemotherapy (low certainty).

• Systemic treatments for metastatic cutaneous melanoma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.81 [0.65, 1.01]
  1157 participants
  Low

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone

EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) plus chemotherapy showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with chemotherapy alone (low certainty).

• Epidermal growth factor receptor blockers for the treatment of ovarian cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 1.25 [0.8, 1.95]
  1 study · 129 participants
  Low

Modern chemotherapy regimens vs 5‐flourouracil

Modern chemotherapy regimens probably leads to lower overall survival compared with 5‐flourouracil (moderate certainty).

• Second‐line systemic therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.69 [0.51, 0.94]
  1 study · 167 participants
  Moderate

Irinotecan + targeted therapy vs irinotecan

Irinotecan + targeted therapy showed no clear difference in overall survival compared with irinotecan (low certainty).

• Second‐line systemic therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.99 [0.88, 1.1]
  2 studies · 1758 participants
  Low

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab) vs adjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Neoadjuvant treatment for stage III and IV cutaneous melanoma 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab) vs neoadjuvant immunotherapy (sequential treatment with ipilimumab then nivolumab)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Neoadjuvant treatment for stage III and IV cutaneous melanoma 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Chemotherapy with bevacizumab followed by bevacizumab maintenance vs chemotherapy alone

Chemotherapy with bevacizumab followed by maintenance bevacizumab showed no clear difference in overall survival (OS) compared with chemotherapy alone (moderate certainty).

• Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.97 [0.88, 1.07]
  2 studies · 2776 participants
  Moderate

Chemotherapy with bevacizumab followed by bevacizumab maintenance vs chemotherapy alone

Chemotherapy with bevacizumab followed by bevacizumab maintenance showed no clear difference in overall survival (OS) compared with chemotherapy alone (moderate certainty).

• Angiogenesis inhibitors for the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  HR 0.9 [0.79, 1.02]
  3 studies · 1564 participants
  Moderate