Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

25 questions · 25 findings · 4 reviews · Urology

No studies found 1 · 4%GRADE not reported 4 · 16%Very low 4 · 16%Low 10 · 40%Moderate 5 · 20%High 1 · 4%

Non‐steroidal antiandrogen monotherapy vs LHRH agonists or surgical castration monotherapy

Overall survival · men with advanced prostate cancer

Non‐steroidal antiandrogen monotherapy probably leads to higher overall survival compared with LHRH agonists or surgical castration monotherapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Overall survival (OS) ‐ Network (subnet 1) included 19 pairwise comparisons ‐ Median · people with a confirmed diagnosis of advanced renal cell carcinoma (combined risk groups) without previous systemic anticancer therapy

The intervention showed no clear difference in overall survival (OS) ‐ Network (subnet 1) included 19 pairwise… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs atezolizumab + bevacizumab (targeted agent versus immunotherapy + targeted agent)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

It is very uncertain whether sunitinib changes overall survival(absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with atezolizumab + bevacizumab (targeted agent versus immunotherapy +… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs avelumab + axitinib (targeted agent versus immunotherapy + targeted agent)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 12 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Sunitinib showed no clear difference in overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with avelumab + axitinib (targeted agent versus immunotherapy + targeted… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs pembrolizumab + axitinib (targeted agent versus immunotherapy + targeted agent)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 12 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Sunitinib probably leads to higher overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with pembrolizumab + axitinib (targeted agent versus immunotherapy +… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs IFN‐α (targeted agent versus classic immunotherapy)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Sunitinib showed no clear difference in overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with interferon‐α (IFN‐α) (targeted agent versus classic immunotherapy) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs atezolizumab (targeted therapy versus immunotherapy)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

It is very uncertain whether sunitinib changes overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with atezolizumab (targeted therapy versus immunotherapy) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Bevacizumab + IFN vs IFN (+ placebo) (targeted agent + classic immunotherapy versus classic immunotherapy)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Bevacizumab + IFN may leads to lower overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with IFN (+ placebo) (targeted agent + classic immunotherapy versus… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Temsirolimus + IFN‐α vs IFN (+ placebo) (targeted agent + classic immunotherapy versus classic immunotherapy)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 12 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

Temsirolimus + IFN‐α showed no clear difference in overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with IFN‐α (targeted agent + classic immunotherapy versus classic… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Temsirolimus + bevacizumab vs bevacizumab + IFN‐α (targeted agent + targeted agent versus targeted agent + classic immunotherapy)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

Temsirolimus + bevacizumab showed no clear difference in overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with bevacizumab + IFN‐α (targeted agent + targeted agent versus targeted… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Everolimus + bevacizumab vs bevacizumab + IFN‐α (targeted agent + targeted agent versus targeted agent + classic immunotherapy)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

It is very uncertain whether everolimus + bevacizumab changes overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with IFN α‐2a + bevacizumab (targeted agent + targeted agent versus… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sunitinib vs adjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 12 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type); IMDC intermediate, poor risk patients only.

Sunitinib leads to higher overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with nivolumab + ipilimumab (targeted agent versus combinations of… (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Temsirolimus vs IFN‐α (targeted agent versus classic immunotherapy)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 12 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

Temsirolimus probably leads to lower overall survival survival (absolute effect size estimates based on… compared with IFN‐α (targeted agent versus classic immunotherapy) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Overall survival (OS) ‐ Network (subnet 1) included 3 pairwise comparisons ‐ Median · people with a confirmed diagnosis of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and a favourable risk according to the International Metastatic…
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Overall survival (OS) ‐ Network (subnet 1) included 5 pairwise comparisons ‐ Median · people with a confirmed diagnosis of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and a favourable risk according to the International Metastatic…
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Overall survival (OS) ‐ Network (subnet 1) included 10 pairwise comparisons ‐ Median · people with a confirmed diagnosis of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and an intermediate or poor risk according to the International…
1 finding from 1 review

Tivozanib vs sorafenib (targeted agent versus targeted agent)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (clear cell type)

Tivozanib showed no clear difference in overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with sorafenib (targeted agent versus targeted agent) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sorafenib vs pazopanib (targeted agent versus targeted agent)

Overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival rate at 24 months) · Treatment‐naïve metastatic renal cell carcinoma (any cell type)

Sorafenib showed no clear difference in overall survival (absolute effect size estimates based on survival… compared with pazopanib (targeted agent versus targeted agent) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review