Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

8 questions · 8 findings · 3 reviews · Effective Practice and Organisation of Care

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No studies found 4 · 50%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 2 · 25%High 2 · 25%

Pharmacists' non‐dispensing roles targeting non‐hospitalised patients vs the delivery of no comparable service

All‐cause mortality · health problem or population

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacist services for non‐hospitalised patients 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

General health checks vs usual care

Total mortality · Adults (general population)

General health checks showed no clear difference in total mortality compared with usual care (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

General health checks in adults for reducing morbidity and mortality from disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.97, 1.03]
11 studies · 233298 participants
High

General health checks vs usual care

Mortality: all cancers · Adults (general population)

General health checks showed no clear difference in cancer mortality compared with usual care (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

General health checks in adults for reducing morbidity and mortality from disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.92, 1.12]
8 studies · 139290 participants
High

Intervention not reported

Maternal mortality · mixed population (women with a fear of childbirth; women with high levels of anxiety; husbands of pregnant women; pregnant women and…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

General health checks vs usual care

Cardiovascular mortality · Adults (general population)

General health checks showed no clear difference in cardiovascular mortality compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

General health checks in adults for reducing morbidity and mortality from disease 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.05 [0.94, 1.16]
9 studies · 170227 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Maternal mortality or morbidity · mixed population (women with a fear of childbirth; women with high levels of anxiety; husbands of pregnant women; pregnant women and…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Neonatal mortality or morbidity · mixed population (women with a fear of childbirth; women with high levels of anxiety; husbands of pregnant women; pregnant women and…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Maternal morbidity, neonatal morbidity or mortality · mixed population (women with a fear of childbirth; women with high levels of anxiety; husbands of pregnant women; pregnant women and…

The intervention probably leads to lower maternal morbidity, neonatal morbidity or mortality (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐clinical interventions for reducing unnecessary caesarean section 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate