What do systematic reviews say?

Summary of findings: Endorectal balloon vs no intervention

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Endorectal balloon changes diarrhoea (grade 2+) compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

• Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.71 [0.37, 1.35]
  1 study · 43 participants
  Very low

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) vs no intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Corticosteroids vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings: Sodium butyrate vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Selenium vs no intervention

Summary of findings: Selenium may leads to lower diarrhoea (grade 2+) compared with no intervention (low certainty).

• Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.4
  1 study · 81 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: Bile acid sequestrants vs no intervention

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Bile acid sequestrants changes diarrhoea (grade 2+) compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

• Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 2.82 [0.66, 12.01]
  1 study · 33 participants
  Very low

Misoprostol vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Misoprostol changes diarrhoea (grade 2+) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1 [0.46, 2.19]
  1 study · 100 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings: IMRT vs 3DCRT

Summary of findings: IMRT may leads to lower diarrhoea (grade 2+) compared with 3DCRT (low certainty).

• Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.38 [0.22, 0.68]
  1 study · 72 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: Magnesium oxide vs placebo

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Summary of findings: Octreotide vs placebo

Summary of findings: Octreotide showed no clear difference in diarrhoea (grade 2+) compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

• Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.01 [0.76, 1.35]
  2 studies · 340 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings: Protein supplements vs no intervention

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Protein supplements changes diarrhoea (grade 2+) compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

• Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.53 [0.27, 1.03]
  1 study · 74 participants
  Very low

Probiotics vs placebo

Probiotics showed no clear difference in diarrhoea grade 2 or higher compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.67 [0.22, 2.05]
  1 study · 46 participants
  Low

Probiotics vs placebo

Probiotics showed no clear difference in diarrhoea grade 3 or higher compared with placebo (low certainty).

• Probiotics for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy‐ or radiotherapy‐related diarrhoea in people with cancer 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.11 [0.01, 1.95]
  1 study · 46 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: Evening RT vs morning RT

• Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 participants
  GRADE not reported

Amifostine vs no intervention

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Amifostine changes diarrhoea (grade 2+) during treatment compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

• Interventions to reduce acute and late adverse gastrointestinal effects of pelvic radiotherapy for primary pelvic… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.25 [0.06, 0.98]
  1 study · 36 participants
  Very low