Electronic cigarette use vs Non-smokers
DMFT/DMFS index (dental caries experience) · Humans who use e-cigarettes (adolescents to adults) assessed for dental caries
A meta-analysis of 3 studies compared DMFT/DMFS in e-cigarette users vs non-smokers, but the pooled effect appears only in Figure 3A (unavailable) and heterogeneity was very high (I2=98%); the effect of vaping on dental caries remains unclear (ungraded).
1 finding from 1 review
- The effects of electronic smoking on dental caries and proinflammatory markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2025 All outcomesCross-sectional to 6 months · Clinical/community dental studies in several countries; caries assessed clinically or from national survey/health records/questionnairesCohen's d 0.93 [-1.11, 2.98]3 studiesGRADE not reported