What do systematic reviews say?

Summary of findings: Low‐moderate GI diet vs moderate‐high GI diet (maternal outcomes)

Summary of findings: Low‐moderate GI diet showed no clear difference in caesarean section compared with moderate‐high GI diet (maternal outcomes) (low certainty).

• Different types of dietary advice for women with gestational diabetes mellitus 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.66 [0.29, 1.47]
  1 study · 63 participants
  Low

Summary of findings: Energy‐restricted diet vs no energy‐restricted diet (maternal outcomes)

Summary of findings: Energy‐restricted diet showed no clear difference in caesarean section compared with no energy‐restricted diet (maternal outcomes) (low certainty).

• Different types of dietary advice for women with gestational diabetes mellitus 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.12 [0.8, 1.56]
  2 studies · 420 participants
  Low

Summary of findings table ‐ Planned hospital birth vs Planned home birth

• Planned hospital birth compared with planned home birth for pregnant women at low risk of complications 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 11 participants
  Very low

Summary of findings table ‐ Moxibustion plus usual care vs sham moxibustion plus usual care

Summary of findings table ‐ Moxibustion plus usual care showed no clear difference in caesarean section compared with sham moxibustion plus usual care (moderate certainty).

• Cephalic version by moxibustion for breech presentation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.84 [0.68, 1.04]
  1 study · 272 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Moxibustion plus usual care vs usual care

Summary of findings table ‐ Moxibustion plus usual care showed no clear difference in caesarean section compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Cephalic version by moxibustion for breech presentation 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.94 [0.83, 1.05]
  6 studies · 1030 participants
  Moderate

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids vs single course

Summary of findings table ‐ Repeat dose(s) of prenatal corticosteroids showed no clear difference in B3: Caesarean section – an all women compared with single course (moderate certainty).

• Repeat doses of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth for improving neonatal health outcomes 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.03 [0.98, 1.09]
  8 studies · 4266 participants
  Moderate