Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4 questions · 4 findings · 1 reviews · Eyes and Vision

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 1 · 25%High 3 · 75%

Any AMD · general population

Vitamin E showed no clear difference in any AMD compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age‐related macular degeneration 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.97 [0.9, 1.06]
4 studies · 55614 participants
High

Any AMD · general population

Vitamin C showed no clear difference in any AMD compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age‐related macular degeneration 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.96 [0.79, 1.18]
1 study · 14236 participants
High

Any AMD · general population

Multivitamin probably leads to higher any AMD compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age‐related macular degeneration 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.21 [1.02, 1.43]
1 study · 14233 participants
Moderate

Any AMD · general population

Beta‐carotene showed no clear difference in any AMD compared with placebo (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for preventing age‐related macular degeneration 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.88, 1.14]
2 studies · 22083 participants
High