Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

3 questions · 5 findings · 2 reviews · Neonatal

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 3 · 60%Low 2 · 40%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Caffeine vs other methylxanthines

Mortality before hospital discharge · preterm infants

Caffeine showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality prior to hospital discharge№ of participants:… compared with other methylxanthines (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Caffeine versus other methylxanthines for the prevention and treatment of apnea in preterm infants 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.12 [0.68, 1.84]
Studies not reported
Low

High‐dose vs standard‐dose strategies

Mortality before hospital discharge · preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity

High‐dose showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality prior to hospital discharge compared with standard‐dose strategies (low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.86 [0.53, 1.38]
5 studies · 723 participants
Low
Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.75 [0.4, 1.4]
3 studies · 333 participants
Very low
Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.75 [0.25, 2.3]
1 study · 238 participants
Very low

High‐dose vs standard‐dose strategies

Mortality before hospital discharge · preterm infants at risk for apnea

It is very uncertain whether high‐dose changes all‐cause mortality prior to hospital discharge compared with standard‐dose strategies (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Caffeine dosing regimens in preterm infants with or at risk for apnea of prematurity 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.32 [0.5, 3.53]
2 studies · 152 participants
Very low