Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

9 questions · 9 findings · 1 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 1 · 11.1%Low 8 · 88.9%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Interventions vs placebo or no prophylaxis

ICU mortality · people admitted to intensive care units

Interventions showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with placebo or no prophylaxis (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.1 [0.9, 1.34]
19 studies · 2159 participants
Low

Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) vs placebo or no prophylaxis

ICU mortality · people admitted to intensive care units

Proton pump inhibitors showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with placebo or no prophylaxis (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.09 [0.6, 1.99]
3 studies · 258 participants
Low

Antacids vs placebo or no prophylaxis

ICU mortality · people admitted to intensive care units

Antacids showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with placebo or no prophylaxis (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.53, 1.96]
2 studies · 300 participants
Low

Sucralfate vs placebo or no prophylaxis

ICU mortality · people admitted to intensive care units

Sucralfate showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with placebo or no prophylaxis (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.97 [0.66, 1.43]
5 studies · 500 participants
Low

H2 receptor antagonists vs proton pump inhibitors

ICU mortality · people admitted to intensive care units

H2 receptor antagonists showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with proton pump inhibitors (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.96 [0.78, 1.19]
12 studies · 1564 participants
Low

H2 receptor antagonists vs antacids

ICU mortality · people admitted to intensive care units

It is very uncertain whether H2 receptor antagonists changes all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with antacids (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.01 [0.66, 1.55]
11 studies · 1321 participants
Very low

H2 receptor antagonists vs sucralfate

ICU mortality · people admitted to intensive care units

H2 receptor antagonists showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with sucralfate (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.09 [0.95, 1.24]
21 studies · 3178 participants
Low

Antacids vs sucralfate

ICU mortality · people admitted to intensive care units

Antacids showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with sucralfate (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.15 [0.93, 1.4]
11 studies · 1249 participants
Low

H2 receptor antagonists vs placebo or no prophylaxis

ICU mortality · people admitted to intensive care units

H2 receptor antagonists showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality in ICU compared with placebo or no prophylaxis (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in people admitted to intensive care units 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.12 [0.88, 1.42]
14 studies · 1428 participants
Low