What do systematic reviews say?

Heparin plus aspirin vs aspirin

• Aspirin or heparin or both for improving pregnancy outcomes in women with persistent antiphospholipid antibodies and… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 51 participants
  GRADE not reported

Aspirin vs placebo

It is very uncertain whether aspirin changes adverse events in the child ‐ Congenital malformations compared with placebo (very low certainty).

• Aspirin or heparin or both for improving pregnancy outcomes in women with persistent antiphospholipid antibodies and… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.06 [0.07, 15.6]
  1 study · 33 participants
  Very low