Interferon‐α alone probably leads to lower adverse events (grade ≥ 3) compared with interferon‐α plus bevacizumab (moderate certainty).
Interferon‐α alone may leads to higher adverse events (grade ≥ 3) compared with standard targeted therapies (sunitinib or temsirolimus) (low certainty).
Interferon‐α plus bevacizumab showed no clear difference in adverse events (grade ≥ 3) compared with standard targeted therapies (low certainty).
Interferon‐α combined with targeted therapies may leads to higher adverse events (grade ≥ 3) compared with standard targeted therapy (low certainty).
Sunitinib probably leads to higher serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4)assessed as: CTCAE v3.0 compared with interferon‐α (IFN‐α) (targeted agent versus classic immunotherapy) (moderate certainty).