Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

9 questions · 10 findings · 4 reviews

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No studies found 2 · 20%GRADE not reported 1 · 10%Very low 2 · 20%Low 3 · 30%Moderate 2 · 20%High 0 · 0%

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) vs placebo

Serious adverse events · adults with Raynaud's phenomenon (primary or secondary)

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) for the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors vs placebo

Adverse events · primary Raynaud's phenomenon

1 finding from 1 review

Vasodilators for primary Raynaud's phenomenon 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 138 participants
GRADE not reported

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · adults with Raynaud's phenomenon (primary or secondary)

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) for the treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) vs phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors

Minor adverse events · erectile dysfunction in men with obstructive sleep apnoea

It is very uncertain whether continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) changes minor adverse events compared with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐invasive positive airway pressure therapy for improving erectile dysfunction in men with obstructive sleep apnoea 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.33 [0.34, 5.21]
1 study · 40 participants
Very low

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) vs phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors

Serious adverse events · erectile dysfunction in men with obstructive sleep apnoea

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐invasive positive airway pressure therapy for improving erectile dysfunction in men with obstructive sleep apnoea 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 40 participants
Very low

PDEI plus alpha‐blocker vs PDEI alone

Adverse events

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

PDEI + 5‐ARI vs 5‐ARI alone

Adverse events

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.07 [0.84, 1.36]
1 study · 695 participants
Low

PDEI vs placebo

Adverse events

PDEI may leads to higher adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.42 [1.21, 1.67]
11 studies · 4386 participants
Low

PDEI vs alpha‐blocker

Adverse events

PDEI showed no clear difference in adverse events compared with alpha‐blockers (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.35 [0.8, 2.3]
4 studies · 786 participants
Low