Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

7 questions · 8 findings · 5 reviews · Developmental, Psychosocial and Learning Problems

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No studies found 2 · 25%GRADE not reported 2 · 25%Very low 1 · 12.5%Low 2 · 25%Moderate 1 · 12.5%High 0 · 0%

Summary of findings: Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) vs treatment

Adverse events · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Communication interventions for autism spectrum disorder in minimally verbal children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Summary of findings: focused playtime intervention vs treatment

Adverse events · minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Communication interventions for autism spectrum disorder in minimally verbal children 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Galantamine plus risperidone vs placebo plus risperidone

Side effects or other adverse events · children and adolescents with a diagnosis of autism

Galantamine plus risperidone may leads to higher adverse events (Side Effects Checklist) compared with placebo plus risperidone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for autistic spectrum disorders 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 5.57 [1.42, 21.86]
1 study · 40 participants
Low

Music therapy vs placebo or usual care

Adverse events Any serious or non‐serious adverse event · Individuals with autism spectrum disorder

Music therapy showed no clear difference in adverse events Any serious or non‐serious adverse event compared with placebo therapy or standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Music therapy for autistic people 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.52 [0.39, 5.94]
2 studies · 326 participants
Moderate

D‐cycloserine vs placebo

Total adverse events · children aged 5 to 11 years with ASD

D‐cycloserine showed no clear difference in total adverse events compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

The effectiveness and adverse effects of D‐cycloserine compared with placebo on social and communication skills in… 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.11 [0.94, 1.31]
1 study · 67 participants
Low

Donepezil vs placebo

Side effects or other adverse events · children and adolescents with a diagnosis of autism

1 finding from 1 review

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for autistic spectrum disorders 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 34 participants
Very low

High‐dose methylphenidate vs placebo

Total number of adverse events · Children aged 6 to 18 years with ASD

2 findings from 1 review

Methylphenidate for children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 108 participants
GRADE not reported
Methylphenidate for children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 79 participants
GRADE not reported