What do systematic reviews say?

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab) vs adjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab)

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab) showed no clear difference in adverse events, compared with adjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab) (low certainty).

• Neoadjuvant treatment for stage III and IV cutaneous melanoma 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1 [0.75, 1.34]
  1 study · 20 participants
  Low

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab) vs neoadjuvant immunotherapy (nivolumab)

It is very uncertain whether neoadjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab) changes adverse events, compared with neoadjuvant immunotherapy (nivolumab) (very low certainty).

• Neoadjuvant treatment for stage III and IV cutaneous melanoma 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 8.73 [1.29, 59]
  1 study · 23 participants
  Very low

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab) vs neoadjuvant immunotherapy (sequential treatment with ipilimumab then nivolumab)

• Neoadjuvant treatment for stage III and IV cutaneous melanoma 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 86 participants
  Low

Sunitinib vs adjuvant immunotherapy (combined ipilimumab and nivolumab)

Sunitinib probably leads to higher serious adverse events (Grade 3 or 4) compared with nivolumab + ipilimumab (targeted agent versus combinations of… (moderate certainty).

• Targeted therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.37 [1.22, 1.53]
  1 study · 1082 participants
  Moderate