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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

134 questions · 143 findings · 12 reviews

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No studies found 17 · 11.9%GRADE not reported 58 · 40.6%Very low 17 · 11.9%Low 26 · 18.2%Moderate 14 · 9.8%High 11 · 7.7%

Vitamin D vs placebo or control

Fracture · Older or community-dwelling adults

Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Fractures, Men aged >65 years and postmenopausal women: RR 1.01 (95% CI 0.93 to 1.09), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo or control

Bone mineral density in forearm · Older or community-dwelling adults

Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Bone mineral density in forearm, Community-dwelling adults: WMD -0.70 (95% CI -1.70 to 0.40), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo or control

Hip/femoral bone mineral density (BMD) · Older or community-dwelling adults

Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Bone mineral density in hip, Community-dwelling adults: WMD 0.70 (95% CI -0.10 to 1.60), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo or control

Serum low‐density lipoprotein (LDL, mmol/L) · Adults (general population)

Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Low density lipoprotein: WMD 3.23 (95% CI 0.55 to 5.9), statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Suggestive.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo or control

Lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) · children

Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Bone mineral density in lumbar spine, Healthy children: SMD 0.15 (95% CI -0.01 to 0.31), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo or control

Hip Fracture · Older or community-dwelling adults

Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Fractures: hip, Men aged >65 years and postmenopausal women: RR 1.15 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.33), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo or control

Systolic blood pressure · Adults (general population)

Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Systolic blood pressure: WMD -2.39 (95% CI -5.7 to 0.9), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Suggestive.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo or control

Bone mineral density · children

Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Bone mineral density (Whole body / total), Healthy children: SMD 0.1 (95% CI -0.06 to 0.26), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Substantial effect unlikely.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo or control

Hip/femoral bone mineral density (BMD) · children

Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Bone mineral density in hip, Healthy children: SMD 0.06 (95% CI -0.18 to 0.29), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: Substantial effect unlikely.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo or control

Bone mineral density · Older or community-dwelling adults

Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Bone mineral density, Community-dwelling adults: WMD -0.9 (95% CI -2.10 to 0.40), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin D vs placebo or control

Insulin resistance · Adults with diabetes

Meta-analysis of randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for Insulin resistance (Diabetes): SMD 0.16 (95% CI -0.11 to 0.42), not statistically significant. Umbrella review outcome-level evidence grade: No conclusion.

1 finding from 1 review

Neonatal vitamin A supplementation vs control

All‐cause infant mortality at 6 months: risk ratios based on cumulative risk (%, adjusted for clustering) ‐ term infants · mortality and morbidity in term neonates

It is very uncertain whether neonatal vitamin A supplementation changes all‐cause infant mortality at 6 months: risk ratios based on… compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Neonatal vitamin A supplementation vs control

Infant Mortality at 6 Months · mortality and morbidity in term neonates

Neonatal vitamin A supplementation showed no clear difference in all‐cause infant mortality at 6 months: risk ratios based on… compared with control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Neonatal vitamin A supplementation vs control

Neonatal mortality · mortality and morbidity in term neonates

Neonatal vitamin A supplementation showed no clear difference in all‐cause neonatal mortality: risk ratios based on cumulative risk… compared with control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Neonatal vitamin A supplementation vs control

Adverse events during first 48‐72 hours post supplementation ‐ bulging fontanelle · mortality and morbidity in term neonates

Neonatal vitamin A supplementation leads to higher adverse events during first 48‐72 hours post supplementation ‐… compared with control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review