What do systematic reviews say?

Prophylactic CPAP vs mechanical ventilation

Prophylactic CPAP probably leads to lower combined outcome of death and bronchopulmonary dysplasia defined as… compared with mechanical ventilation (moderate certainty).

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.89 [0.81, 0.97]
  3 studies · 2358 participants
  Moderate

Prophylactic CPAP vs mechanical ventilation

Prophylactic CPAP showed no clear difference in pulmonary air leak defined as pneumothorax compared with mechanical ventilation (low certainty).

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.24 [0.91, 1.69]
  3 studies · 2357 participants
  Low

Prophylactic CPAP vs very early CPAP

It is very uncertain whether prophylactic CPAP changes bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 28 days compared with very early CPAP (very low certainty).

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.5 [0.05, 5.27]
  1 study · 72 participants
  Very low

Prophylactic CPAP vs very early CPAP

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Prophylactic CPAP vs very early CPAP

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  72 participants
  GRADE not reported

Prophylactic CPAP vs mechanical ventilation

Prophylactic CPAP probably leads to lower bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks defined as oxygen dependency… compared with mechanical ventilation (moderate certainty).

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.89 [0.8, 0.99]
  3 studies · 2150 participants
  Moderate

Prophylactic or very early CPAP vs supportive care

Prophylactic or very early CPAP showed no clear difference in bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks defined as oxygen dependency… compared with supportive care (moderate certainty).

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.76 [0.51, 1.14]
  3 studies · 683 participants
  Moderate

Prophylactic or very early CPAP vs supportive care

Prophylactic or very early CPAP showed no clear difference in combined outcome of death and bronchopulmonary dysplasia defined as… compared with supportive care (low certainty).

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.69 [0.4, 1.19]
  1 study · 256 participants
  Low

Prophylactic or very early CPAP vs supportive care

Prophylactic or very early CPAP showed no clear difference in pulmonary air leak defined as pneumothorax compared with supportive care (low certainty).

• Prophylactic or very early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for preterm infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.75 [0.35, 1.16]
  3 studies · 568 participants
  Low