Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1 questions · 1 findings · 1 reviews

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 1 · 100%High 0 · 0%

All‐cause mortality · patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Phosphodiesterase‐4 inhibitors showed no clear difference in mortality compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Phosphodiesterase‐4 inhibitors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.98 [0.77, 1.24]
27 studies · 19786 participants
Moderate