Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

24 questions · 24 findings · 1 reviews · All outcomes

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No studies found 8 · 33.3%GRADE not reported 9 · 37.5%Very low 5 · 20.8%Low 2 · 8.3%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration)

Duration of postoperative analgesia · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
This outcome was not reported.
0 studies
No studies found

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Time to feeding after surgery · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
This outcome was not reported.
0 studies
No studies found

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Intravenous analgesia

Adverse events · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
2 out of 3 studies reported this outcome. Both studies reported no difference between groups (Rajamani 2007 and Simion 2008: no adverse events attributable to either technique; Delgado 2005 did not report).
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration)

Length of hospital stay · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
The included studies did not report this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Intravenous analgesia

Length of hospital stay · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
None of the included studies reported this outcome.
0 studies
No studies found

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Intravenous analgesia

Pain measured by valid instruments (mean postoperative pain score) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

It is very uncertain whether perioperative infraorbital nerve block changes pain measured by valid instruments (mean postoperative pain score) compared with intravenous analgesia (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
0 to 4 hours (first four hours after surgery)
SMD -1.50 [-2.40, -0.60]
2 studies · 107 participants
Very low

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration)

Need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic requirements) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

It is very uncertain whether perioperative infraorbital nerve block changes need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic… compared with infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
RR 0.16 [0.05, 0.51]
1 study · 30 participants
Very low

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Analgesia durationTime duration from the end of surgery to the time of first analgesic consumption. Scale from: 0 to 100. · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
Takmaz 2009: time to first analgesic requirement significantly longer in the intervention than the placebo group (8.3 +/- 0.9 hours versus 1.6 +/- 0.8 hours; P = 0.001). Not pooled.
1 study
GRADE not reported

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Intravenous analgesia

Time to feeding after surgery · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block may leads to lower time to feeding after surgery (in minutes) compared with intravenous analgesia (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
MD -9.45 [-17.37, -1.53]
2 studies · 128 participants
Low

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration)

Pain measured by valid instruments (mean postoperative pain score) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
No numeric data available; one study reported difference favouring control group only at 6 hours postoperatively. One study reported that children in the intervention group had lower pain scores between 1 and 8 hours…
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Intravenous analgesia

Need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic requirements) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

It is very uncertain whether perioperative infraorbital nerve block changes need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic… compared with intravenous analgesia (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
RR 0.27 [0.13, 0.55]
1 study · 82 participants
Very low

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
Ahuja 1994: no significant difference in heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure between groups. Takmaz 2009: no differences in respiratory rate and blood pressure, but children in the placebo group had…
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Duration of postoperative analgesia · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

It is very uncertain whether perioperative infraorbital nerve block changes duration of postoperative analgesia (in hours) compared with placebo (sham block) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
MD 8.26 [5.41, 11.11]
1 study · 60 participants
Very low

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Intravenous analgesia

Heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
The included studies did not report these outcomes.
0 studies
No studies found

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Pain measured by valid instruments (mean postoperative pain score) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

It is very uncertain whether perioperative infraorbital nerve block changes pain measured by valid instruments (mean postoperative pain score) compared with placebo (sham block) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
0 to 4 hours (peak)
SMD -3.54 [-6.13, -0.95]
3 studies · 120 participants
Very low

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration)

Analgesia durationTime duration from the end of surgery to the time of first analgesic consumption. Scale from: 0 to 100. · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block led to higher time to first analgesic requirement compared with infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
MD 4.92 [3.84, 6.00]
1 study · 50 participants
GRADE not reported

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic requirements) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block may leads to lower need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic… compared with placebo (sham block) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
At 4 hours
RR 0.05 [0.01, 0.18]
3 studies · 120 participants
Low

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Adverse events · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
2 out of 3 studies reported this outcome. One study reported no differences between groups, and the other study reported more vomiting in the placebo group (Takmaz 2009: vomiting 40% placebo versus 10% intervention; P…
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration)

Heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
Gaonkar 2004: no differences between groups in postoperative heart rate and blood pressure. Prabhu 1999: significantly lower heart rates in the intervention group throughout the postoperative period, and no differences…
2 studies
GRADE not reported

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration)

Time to feeding after surgery · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Infraorbital nerve block for postoperative pain following cleft lip repair in children 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
This outcome was not reported.
0 studies
No studies found