Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,809 questions · 1,956 findings · 194 reviews

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No studies found 422 · 21.6%GRADE not reported 427 · 21.8%Very low 353 · 18%Low 397 · 20.3%Moderate 293 · 15%High 64 · 3.3%

Visual screening (oral visual inspection) by trained health workers vs No screening

Test performance (sensitivity and specificity) · Apparently healthy adults aged 35 years or older (general population), living in 13 clusters in rural areas of Trivandrum city, Kerala,…

1 finding from 1 review

Screening programmes for the early detection and prevention of oral cancer 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
15-year follow-up
Across the four cycles (15 years), the reported sensitivity of the visual examination in detecting oral cancer was 67.4% (188/279). No information on the specificity or the positive predictive value of the programme…
1 study
GRADE not reported

Visual screening (oral visual inspection) by trained health workers vs No screening

Survival (proportion alive after diagnosis) · Apparently healthy adults aged 35 years or older (general population), living in 13 clusters in rural areas of Trivandrum city, Kerala,…

1 finding from 1 review

Screening programmes for the early detection and prevention of oral cancer 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
5-year survival
A significantly higher five-year survival rate was reported in the screened group (55.5%) compared to the control (43.4%) (P value = 0.003).
1 study · 523 participants
GRADE not reported

Teledentistry diagnosis using DSLR or smartphone extra-oral photographs vs Visual or clinical examination

Inter-examiner reliability · Children and adults with primary or permanent dentition

Inter-examiner kappa statistics ranged from 0.44 to 0.91 across 13 studies; no meta-analysis or GRADE rating was reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Teledentistry accuracy for caries diagnosis: a systematic review of in-vivo studies using extra-oral photography… 2024 All outcomes
Schools, juvenile detention facility, dental clinics, and hospitals · Overall
no estimate extracted
13 studies
GRADE not reported

Teledentistry diagnosis using DSLR or smartphone extra-oral photographs vs Visual or clinical examination

Positive predictive value for dental caries diagnosis · Children and adults with primary or permanent dentition

Positive predictive values were reported in 10 of the 13 studies that reported sensitivity and specificity; no meta-analysis or GRADE rating was reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Teledentistry accuracy for caries diagnosis: a systematic review of in-vivo studies using extra-oral photography… 2024 All outcomes
Schools, juvenile detention facility, dental clinics, and hospitals · Overall
no estimate extracted
10 studies
GRADE not reported

Teledentistry diagnosis using DSLR or smartphone extra-oral photographs vs Visual or clinical examination

Negative predictive value for dental caries diagnosis · Children and adults with primary or permanent dentition

Negative predictive values were reported in 10 of the 13 studies that reported sensitivity and specificity; no meta-analysis or GRADE rating was reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Teledentistry accuracy for caries diagnosis: a systematic review of in-vivo studies using extra-oral photography… 2024 All outcomes
Schools, juvenile detention facility, dental clinics, and hospitals · Overall
no estimate extracted
10 studies
GRADE not reported

Teledentistry diagnosis using DSLR or smartphone extra-oral photographs vs Visual or clinical examination

Intra-examiner reliability · Children and adults with primary or permanent dentition

Intra-examiner kappa statistics ranged from 0.52 to 1.00 across 6 studies; no meta-analysis or GRADE rating was reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Teledentistry accuracy for caries diagnosis: a systematic review of in-vivo studies using extra-oral photography… 2024 All outcomes
Schools, juvenile detention facility, dental clinics, and hospitals · Overall
no estimate extracted
6 studies
GRADE not reported

Teledentistry diagnosis using DSLR or smartphone extra-oral photographs vs Visual or clinical examination

Sensitivity for dental caries diagnosis · Children and adults with primary or permanent dentition

Sensitivity ranged from 48% to 98.3% across 13 studies; no meta-analysis or GRADE rating was reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Teledentistry accuracy for caries diagnosis: a systematic review of in-vivo studies using extra-oral photography… 2024 All outcomes
Schools, juvenile detention facility, dental clinics, and hospitals · Overall
Sensitivity Overall 48% to 98.3% across 13 studies; sensitivity is lesion-stage dependent: Kohara reported <40% for initial/moderate caries (75-100% for extensive) and early enamel lesions were less sensitive
13 studies
GRADE not reported

Teledentistry diagnosis using DSLR or smartphone extra-oral photographs vs Visual or clinical examination

d/D dft/DFT or dmft/DMFT score differences · Children and adults with primary or permanent dentition

Eight studies calculated caries-score differences; six reported no significant difference, one underestimation, and one overestimation with teledentistry.

1 finding from 1 review

Teledentistry accuracy for caries diagnosis: a systematic review of in-vivo studies using extra-oral photography… 2024 All outcomes
Schools, juvenile detention facility, dental clinics, and hospitals · Overall
no estimate extracted
8 studies
GRADE not reported

Teledentistry diagnosis using DSLR or smartphone extra-oral photographs vs Visual or clinical examination

Specificity for dental caries diagnosis · Children and adults with primary or permanent dentition

Specificity ranged from 83% to 100% across 13 studies; no meta-analysis or GRADE rating was reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Teledentistry accuracy for caries diagnosis: a systematic review of in-vivo studies using extra-oral photography… 2024 All outcomes
Schools, juvenile detention facility, dental clinics, and hospitals · Overall
no estimate extracted
13 studies
GRADE not reported

Oral ferric maltol vs IV ferric carboxymaltose

Number of responders ‐ disease activity not stated (12 weeks) · IBD patients

Oral ferric maltol showed no clear difference in number of responders ‐ disease activity not stated (12 weeks) compared with IV ferric carboxymaltose (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating iron deficiency anaemia in inflammatory bowel disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.83 [0.65, 1.06]
1 study · 252 participants
Low

Oral ferric maltol vs IV ferric carboxymaltose

Serious adverse events (12 weeks) · IBD patients

It is very uncertain whether oral ferric maltol changes serious adverse events (12 weeks) compared with IV ferric carboxymaltose (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating iron deficiency anaemia in inflammatory bowel disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.95 [0.98, 8.91]
1 study · 252 participants
Very low

Oral valproic acid vs placebo

Change in disability score · ambulatory adults with SMA type III

1 finding from 1 review

Drug treatment for spinal muscular atrophy types II and III 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
31 participants
Low

Oral valproic acid vs placebo

Muscle strength · ambulatory adults with SMA type III

1 finding from 1 review

Drug treatment for spinal muscular atrophy types II and III 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
30 participants
Low

Oral valproic acid vs placebo

Acquiring the ability to stand or walk · ambulatory adults with SMA type III

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Drug treatment for spinal muscular atrophy types II and III 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Oral valproic acid vs placebo

Change in quality of life · ambulatory adults with SMA type III

1 finding from 1 review

Drug treatment for spinal muscular atrophy types II and III 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
28 participants
Moderate

Oral valproic acid vs placebo

Change in pulmonary function · ambulatory adults with SMA type III

1 finding from 1 review

Drug treatment for spinal muscular atrophy types II and III 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
24 participants
Low

Oral valproic acid vs placebo

Time from beginning of treatment until death or full‐time ventilation · ambulatory adults with SMA type III

1 finding from 1 review

Drug treatment for spinal muscular atrophy types II and III 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
33 participants
Low

Oral valproic acid vs placebo

Adverse events related to treatment · ambulatory adults with SMA type III

Oral valproic acid showed no clear difference in adverse events related to treatment compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Drug treatment for spinal muscular atrophy types II and III 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.8 [0.44, 1.44]
33 participants
Low

Oral hydromorphone vs placebo

Substantial benefit: At least 50% reduction in pain, or PGIC much improved · adults with chronic neuropathic pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Hydromorphone for neuropathic pain in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Oral hydromorphone vs placebo

Moderate benefit: At least 30% reduction in pain, or PGIC much or very much improved · adults with chronic neuropathic pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Hydromorphone for neuropathic pain in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found