Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

21 questions · 21 findings · 1 reviews · Schizophrenia

No studies found 6 · 28.6%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 2 · 9.5%Low 13 · 61.9%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Lithium vs antipsychotics

> 50% reduction in depressive symptoms · schizophrenia

Lithium showed no clear difference in clinically significant response on depressive symptoms at least 50%… compared with antipsychotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium vs antipsychotics

Clinically significant response on manic symptoms at least 50% Bech‐Rafaelsen improvement · schizophrenia

Lithium showed no clear difference in clinically significant response on manic symptoms at least 50%… compared with antipsychotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium vs antipsychotics

Clinically significant response on positive symptoms at least 50% MS improvement · schizophrenia

Lithium may leads to lower clinically significant response on positive symptoms at least 50% MS… compared with antipsychotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium vs antipsychotics

Kidney dysfunction outcome not available in any study · schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium vs antipsychotics

Thyroid dysfunction outcome not available in any study · schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium vs antipsychotics

Response to treatment clinically relevant response as defined by the authors · schizophrenia

Lithium showed no clear difference in response to treatment clinically relevant response as defined by the… compared with antipsychotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium vs antipsychotics

Acceptability ‐ total dropouts · schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether lithium changes acceptability of treatment leaving early due to any reason compared with antipsychotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium as sole treatment vs placebo

Response to treatment clinically relevant response as defined by the authors · schizophrenia

Lithium as sole treatment showed no clear difference in response to treatment clinically relevant response as defined by the… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium as sole treatment vs placebo

Acceptability ‐ total dropouts · schizophrenia

Lithium as sole treatment showed no clear difference in acceptability of treatment leaving early due to any reason compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium as sole treatment vs placebo

> 50% reduction in depressive symptoms · schizophrenia

Lithium as sole treatment showed no clear difference in clinically significant response on depressive symptoms at least 50%… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium as sole treatment vs placebo

Clinically significant response on manic symptoms at least 50% Bech‐Rafaelsen improvement · schizophrenia

Lithium as sole treatment showed no clear difference in clinically significant response on manic symptoms at least 50%… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium as sole treatment vs placebo

Clinically significant response on positive symptoms at least 50% MS improvement · schizophrenia

Lithium as sole treatment showed no clear difference in clinically significant response on positive symptoms at least 50% MS… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium as sole treatment vs placebo

Kidney dysfunction outcome not available in any study · schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Lithium as sole treatment vs placebo

Thyroid dysfunction outcome not available in any study · schizophrenia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive lithium + antipsychotics vs placebo/no adjunctive treatment + antipsychotics

Response to treatment clinically relevant response as defined by the authors · schizophrenia

Adjunctive lithium + antipsychotics may leads to higher response to treatment clinically relevant response as defined by the… compared with placebo/no adjunctive treatment + antipsychotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive lithium + antipsychotics vs placebo/no adjunctive treatment + antipsychotics

Clinically significant response on manic symptoms at least 50% Bech‐Rafaelsen improvement · schizophrenia

Adjunctive lithium + antipsychotics showed no clear difference in clinically significant response on manic symptoms at least 50%… compared with placebo/no adjunctive treatment + antipsychotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Adjunctive lithium + antipsychotics vs placebo/no adjunctive treatment + antipsychotics

Clinically significant response on positive symptoms at least 50% MS improvement · schizophrenia

Adjunctive lithium + antipsychotics showed no clear difference in clinically significant response on positive symptoms at least 50% MS… compared with placebo/no adjunctive treatment + antipsychotics (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review