Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

23 questions · 24 findings · 7 reviews

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No studies found 6 · 25%GRADE not reported 11 · 45.8%Very low 5 · 20.8%Low 2 · 8.3%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Postbiotics from Lactobacillus spp. (cell-free supernatants, biosurfactants, lipoteichoic acid, bacterial lysates) vs No prior SDF application (untreated dentin control)

Downregulation of S. mutans virulence/biofilm gene expression (gtfB, gtfC, ftf) · Cariogenic bacteria (mainly Streptococcus mutans reference strains) and oral biofilms in vitro

Postbiotics reduce expression of S. mutans biofilm/virulence genes (gtfB, gtfC, ftf) in vitro (ungraded narrative synthesis).

1 finding from 1 review

Postbiotics and Dental Caries: A Systematic Review. 2025 All outcomes
Exposure 24 h to 7 days · Laboratory (in vitro)
Postbiotics downregulated expression of S. mutans virulence and exopolysaccharide-synthesis genes (e.g., gtfB, gtfC, gtfD, ftf) in 10 in vitro studies; no pooled estimate.
8 studies
GRADE not reported

Postbiotics from Lactobacillus spp. (cell-free supernatants, biosurfactants, lipoteichoic acid, bacterial lysates) vs No prior SDF application (untreated dentin control)

Proposed inhibition of S. mutans adhesion to tooth surface (mechanism; direct adherence endpoint confirmed only in Ahn 2018) · Cariogenic bacteria (mainly Streptococcus mutans reference strains) and oral biofilms in vitro

Postbiotics inhibit S. mutans adhesion to tooth surfaces in vitro (ungraded narrative synthesis).

1 finding from 1 review

Postbiotics and Dental Caries: A Systematic Review. 2025 All outcomes
Exposure 24 h to 7 days · Laboratory (in vitro)
Postbiotics (mainly biosurfactants and lipoteichoic acid) interfered with S. mutans adhesion to tooth/hydroxyapatite surfaces in 5 in vitro studies; no pooled estimate.
5 studies
GRADE not reported

Postbiotics from Lactobacillus spp. (cell-free supernatants, biosurfactants, lipoteichoic acid, bacterial lysates) vs No prior SDF application (untreated dentin control)

Reduced enamel demineralization · Cariogenic bacteria (mainly Streptococcus mutans reference strains) and oral biofilms in vitro

A single in vitro study found postbiotics reduce enamel demineralization (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Postbiotics and Dental Caries: A Systematic Review. 2025 All outcomes
Exposure 24 h to 7 days · Laboratory (in vitro)
One in vitro multispecies-biofilm study reported that a postbiotic (L. reuteri cell-free supernatant) reduced enamel demineralization, indicating a protective effect against caries; no pooled estimate.
1 study
GRADE not reported