LABA/LAMA vs LABA plus inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)
Pneumonia: low‐risk population · chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with predicted FEV1 of less than 80%
LABA/LAMA probably leads to lower pneumonia: low‐risk population compared with LABA/ICS (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Dual combination therapy versus long‐acting bronchodilators alone for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a… 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyOR 0.43 [0.19, 0.97]7 studies · 5395 participantsModerate