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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,024 questions · 3,338 findings · 330 reviews

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No studies found 735 · 22%GRADE not reported 282 · 8.4%Very low 962 · 28.8%Low 870 · 26.1%Moderate 384 · 11.5%High 105 · 3.1%

Music‐based therapeutic interventions vs usual care or other activities

Emotional well‐being including quality of life · people with dementia (all resided in institutional settings)
2 findings from 1 review

Music‐based therapeutic interventions vs usual care or other activities

Mood disturbance or negative affect: depression · people with dementia (all resided in institutional settings)
2 findings from 1 review

Music‐based therapeutic interventions vs usual care or other activities

Mood disturbance or negative affect: anxiety · people with dementia (all resided in institutional settings)
2 findings from 1 review

Music‐based therapeutic interventions vs usual care or other activities

Behavioural problems: agitation or aggression · people with dementia (all resided in institutional settings)
2 findings from 1 review

Music‐based therapeutic interventions vs usual care or other activities

Behavioural problems: overall · people with dementia (all resided in institutional settings)
2 findings from 1 review

Music‐based therapeutic interventions vs usual care or other activities

Social behaviour: music vs other activities · people with dementia (all resided in institutional settings)
2 findings from 1 review

Exercise vs usual care with or without sham interventions

Functional ability: new incidence of delirium during hospitalisation · acutely hospitalised medical patients

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Exercise interventions changes functional ability: new incidence of delirium during hospitalisation compared with usual care with or without sham interventions (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Exercise vs usual care with or without sham interventions

Medical deterioration during hospitalisation · acutely hospitalised medical patients

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Exercise interventions changes medical deterioration during hospitalisation compared with usual care with or without sham interventions (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Health service and/or policy intervention designed to modify access to oral health information or services for pregnant women, new mothers or other primary caregivers vs Standard care (or any comparator)

Outcome not reported · For interventions, pregnant women, mothers or other caregivers of infants in the first year of life; for outcomes, children up to 6 years…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Behaviour change / oral health promotion interventions delivered by non-dental professionals and health workers (nurses, midwives, health visitors, community health workers) vs control (no intervention/usual care/isotonic exercise)

Caries experience at the surface level (dmfs/defs) · Children (mean age newborn to ~5.2 years) and their parents/carers

Behaviour change interventions delivered by non-dental health workers produced a small, statistically significant reduction in caries experience at the surface level (dmfs SMD -0.15, 95% CI -0.25 to -0.04; 12 studies); the review judged the overall evidence to be of low quality (not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Behaviour change / oral health promotion interventions delivered by non-dental professionals and health workers (nurses, midwives, health visitors, community health workers) vs control (no intervention/usual care/isotonic exercise)

Caries experience · Children (mean age newborn to ~5.2 years) and their parents/carers

Behaviour change interventions delivered by non-dental health workers produced a small-to-moderate, statistically significant reduction in caries experience at the tooth level (dmft SMD -0.34, 95% CI -0.54 to -0.13; 6 studies); the review judged the overall evidence to be of low quality (not GRADE-rated).

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school-based interventions (one or more of: school health policy, oral health education, healthy school environment, access to oral health services, community involvement) vs usual practice

Plaque index (PI) / oral hygiene · Primary school children (aged 3-16 years) attending primary school in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)

School-based interventions may reduce dental plaque scores (SMD -0.32, favouring intervention), but the certainty of evidence is very low.

1 finding from 1 review