Number of women reporting incontinence at 1 year or more after treatment (subjective) ‐ not reported · women with urinary incontinence
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Plaque index (PI) / oral hygiene · Primary school children (aged 3-16 years) attending primary school in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)
School-based interventions may reduce dental plaque scores (SMD -0.32, favouring intervention), but the certainty of evidence is very low.
1 finding from 1 review
Oral hygiene measured by mean gingival scores · Primary school children (aged 3-16 years) attending primary school in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)
The effect of school-based interventions on gingival scores is uncertain and not statistically significant (SMD 0.12; very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Dental caries · Primary school children (aged 3-16 years) attending primary school in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)
Among children aged 6-8 years, DMFT scores were significantly reduced (SMD -0.11); subgroup not separately GRADE-rated.
8 findings from 1 review
Effectiveness of primary school-based interventions in improving oral health of children in low- and middle-income… 2022 All outcomesPost-intervention; follow-up varied across studies (interventions ranged from <2 years to >=2 years and longer) · Primary schools in low- and middle-income countries (Southeast Asia, Africa, the Americas, Europe, eastern Mediterranean) · Age 6-8 years
SMD -0.11 [-0.17, -0.04]
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Effectiveness of primary school-based interventions in improving oral health of children in low- and middle-income… 2022 All outcomesPost-intervention; follow-up varied across studies (interventions ranged from <2 years to >=2 years and longer) · Primary schools in low- and middle-income countries (Southeast Asia, Africa, the Americas, Europe, eastern Mediterranean) · <=3 intervention activities
SMD -0.58 [-1.62, 0.45]
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Effectiveness of primary school-based interventions in improving oral health of children in low- and middle-income… 2022 All outcomes<2 years · Primary schools in low- and middle-income countries (Southeast Asia, Africa, the Americas, Europe, eastern Mediterranean) · Intervention duration <2 years
SMD 0.01 [-0.16, 0.18]
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Show 5 more findings
Annual increment in DMFS (D3) · Primary school children (aged 3-16 years) attending primary school in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)
Oral-health-education interventions significantly reduced net increment in DMFS (SMD -1.05); no significant subgroup difference vs other interventions (P=0.74).
5 findings from 1 review
Effectiveness of primary school-based interventions in improving oral health of children in low- and middle-income… 2022 All outcomesPost-intervention; follow-up varied across studies (interventions ranged from <2 years to >=2 years and longer) · Primary schools in low- and middle-income countries (Southeast Asia, Africa, the Americas, Europe, eastern Mediterranean) · Intervention type: oral health education
SMD -1.05 [-2.03, -0.08]
3 studies
GRADE not reported
Effectiveness of primary school-based interventions in improving oral health of children in low- and middle-income… 2022 All outcomesPost-intervention; follow-up varied across studies (interventions ranged from <2 years to >=2 years and longer) · Primary schools in low- and middle-income countries (Southeast Asia, Africa, the Americas, Europe, eastern Mediterranean) · WHO health-promoting-schools framework
SMD -0.57 [-1.56, 0.42]
2 studies
GRADE not reported
Effectiveness of primary school-based interventions in improving oral health of children in low- and middle-income… 2022 All outcomesPost-intervention; follow-up varied across studies (interventions ranged from <2 years to >=2 years and longer) · Primary schools in low- and middle-income countries (Southeast Asia, Africa, the Americas, Europe, eastern Mediterranean) · Non-WHO-framework interventions
SMD -1.88 [-3.15, -0.60]
Studies not reported
GRADE not reported
Show 2 more findings
Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Primary school children (aged 3-16 years) attending primary school in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)
Among children aged 5-8 years, net increment in DMFT was not significantly reduced (SMD -0.36); no significant subgroup difference by age.
3 findings from 1 review
Fall‐related injuries · people aged 60 years and older living in the community
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1422 participants
Very low
Number of people sustaining one or more fall‐related fractures · people aged 60 years and older living in the community
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1422 participants
Very low
Number of people who experience a fall that required hospital admission · people aged 60 years and older living in the community
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
7179 participants
Very low
Adverse events · people aged 60 years and older living in the community
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Cost‐effectiveness · people aged 60 years and older living in the community
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Falls · people aged 60 years and older living in the community
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
4197 participants
Very low
Number of fallers · people aged 60 years and older living in the community
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
3047 participants
Very low
Fall‐related injuries · people aged 60 years and older living in the community
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
67300 participants
Very low
Number of people sustaining one or more fall‐related fractures · people aged 60 years and older living in the community
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
24365 participants
Very low
Number of people who experience a fall that required hospital admission · people aged 60 years and older living in the community
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Adverse events · people aged 60 years and older living in the community
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Cost‐effectiveness · people aged 60 years and older living in the community
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
163683 participants
Very low
Falls · people aged 60 years and older living in the community
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1422 participants
Very low
Number of fallers · people aged 60 years and older living in the community
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
1422 participants
Very low