Probiotics vs placebo or no treatment
Incidence of acute URTIs during the study period (the number of acute URTIs over a period of time) · children, adults, and the elderly
Intention‐to‐treat analysis: probiotics may leads to lower incidence rate of acute URTIs compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRate ratio 0.82 [0.73, 0.92]12 studies · 4364 participantsLow