Pain at rest at 6 to 8 hours (score from 0 to 10) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass
It is very uncertain whether epidural analgesia changes pain at rest at 6 to 8hours after surgery (score from 0 to 10) compared with peripheral nerve blocks (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Haemodynamic support (in hospital) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass
Epidural analgesia showed no clear difference in haemodynamic support (in hospital) compared with peripheral nerve blocks (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortallity (0 to 30 days · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Myocardial infarction (0 to 30 days) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Pulmonary complications (0 to 30 days) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter (0 to 2 weeks) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Risk of neurologicalcomplications (0 to 30 days) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Duration of tracheal intubation · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
37 participants
Very low
Pain at rest at 6 to 8 hours (score from 0 to 10) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
37 participants
Very low
Haemodynamic support (in hospital) · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Mortallity (0 to 30 days · adults undergoing cardiac surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass
It is very uncertain whether epidural analgesia changes mortallity (0 to 30 days compared with peripheral nerve blocks (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal pain score measured during labour · women in labour
1 finding from 1 review
Satisfaction with pain relief · women in labour
Epidural may leads to higher satisfaction with pain relief ‐ proportion rating excellent or very… compared with opioids (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Instrumental vaginal birth · women in labour
Epidural may leads to higher assisted vaginal birth compared with opioids (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Caesarean section · women in labour
Epidural showed no clear difference in caesarean section compared with opioids (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Side effects (maternal) ‐ long‐term backache · women in labour
Epidural showed no clear difference in side effects (maternal) ‐ long‐term backache compared with opioids (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Admission to neonatal or intensive care nursery · women in labour
Epidural showed no clear difference in admission to special care baby unit/neonatal intensive care unit (as… compared with opioids (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Apgar score less than 7 at 5 minutes · women in labour
Epidural showed no clear difference in apgar score less than 7 at 5 minutes compared with opioids (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women requiring supplemental intra‐operative analgesia at any time after CSE or spinal anaesthetic insertion · women undergoing caesarean section
It is very uncertain whether combined spinal‐epidural changes number of women requiring supplemental intra‐operative analgesia at… compared with high‐dose spinal (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women requiring supplemental intra‐operative analgesia at any time after CSE or spinal anaesthetic insertion · women undergoing caesarean section
Combined spinal‐epidural showed no clear difference in number of women requiring supplemental intra‐operative analgesia at… compared with low‐dose spinal (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review