Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

195 questions · 203 findings · 16 reviews

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No studies found 24 · 11.8%GRADE not reported 25 · 12.3%Very low 41 · 20.2%Low 65 · 32%Moderate 37 · 18.2%High 11 · 5.4%

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Caries increment on tooth surfaces (dmfs/DMFS) (prevented fraction) · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
15 months
PF 0.65 [0.12, 1.18]
1 study · 60 participants
Low

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Change in oral health knowledge and skills · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Worthington 2001 reported changes in oral health knowledge and skills: improvement was apparent in both intervention and control groups at the 4-month follow-up (phase one) but greater in the intervention group (34%…
1 study
GRADE not reported

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Changes in dental attendance · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Worthington 2001 found no change in reported dental visits over the course of the programmes, with 97% of children at baseline reporting visiting the dentist every 2 years.
1 study
GRADE not reported

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Behavioural outcomes (reported and/or other measures, e.g. data tracking toothbrushes and collecting food wrappers) · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
No other behavioural outcomes (e.g. objective toothbrush tracking or food-wrapper collection) were measured by the four included studies.
0 studies
No studies found

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Adverse events · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
No study reported any adverse events.
0 studies
No studies found

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Caries increment, tooth index D(M)FT · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
2 years
PF 0.49
1 study
GRADE not reported

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Frequency of cariogenic food and drink consumption · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Worthington 2001: few children had problems identifying foods containing sugar; only 15% of intervention and 19% of control participants reported routinely consuming sugary snacks on arriving home from school; snacking…
1 study
GRADE not reported

Primary school-based behavioural intervention (both oral hygiene and dietary components) vs No treatment (or delayed treatment)

Frequency of toothbrushing · Children aged 4 to 12 years attending primary school

1 finding from 1 review

Primary school‐based behavioural interventions for preventing caries 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Worthington 2001 reported children's brushing frequency: almost all children (99%) at baseline reported twice daily brushing, and this level was maintained across all groups throughout the intervention (in baseline…
1 study
GRADE not reported

Dietary interventions vs placebo or other interventions

Duration of crying (seconds) · infants with colic defined by recognised criteria

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary modifications for infantile colic 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Dietary interventions vs placebo or other interventions

Number of responders · infants with colic defined by recognised criteria

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary modifications for infantile colic 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Dietary interventions vs placebo or other interventions

Frequency of crying episodes per 24 h · infants with colic defined by recognised criteria

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary modifications for infantile colic 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Dietary interventions vs placebo or other interventions

Parental or family quality of life, including measures of parental stress, anxiety or depression · infants with colic defined by recognised criteria

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary modifications for infantile colic 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Dietary interventions vs placebo or other interventions

Parental satisfaction · infants with colic defined by recognised criteria

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary modifications for infantile colic 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Dietary interventions vs placebo or other interventions

Adverse effects to dietary modifications · infants with colic defined by recognised criteria

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary modifications for infantile colic 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake vs comparators

All‐cause mortality · malnourished or nutritionally at‐risk adults

Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake probably leads to lower all‐cause mortality compared with comparators (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake in malnourished or nutritionally at‐risk adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.78 [0.66, 0.92]
12 studies · 6683 participants
Moderate

Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake vs comparators

Complications and morbidity (6 ‐ 8 weeks) · malnourished or nutritionally at‐risk adults

1 finding from 1 review

Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake in malnourished or nutritionally at‐risk adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 4015 participants
Very low

Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake vs comparators

Health‐related quality of life and patient satisfaction · malnourished or nutritionally at‐risk adults

1 finding from 1 review

Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake in malnourished or nutritionally at‐risk adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 4451 participants
Low

Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake vs comparators

Hospitalisation and institutionalisation (days) · malnourished or nutritionally at‐risk adults

1 finding from 1 review

Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake in malnourished or nutritionally at‐risk adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 667 participants
Very low

Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake vs comparators

Adverse events · malnourished or nutritionally at‐risk adults

1 finding from 1 review

Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake in malnourished or nutritionally at‐risk adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 4108 participants
Very low

Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake vs comparators

Change in weight (kg) · malnourished or nutritionally at‐risk adults

1 finding from 1 review

Supportive interventions for enhancing dietary intake in malnourished or nutritionally at‐risk adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
17 studies · 2024 participants
Moderate