Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

17 questions · 17 findings · 5 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 2 · 11.8%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 5 · 29.4%Low 1 · 5.9%Moderate 6 · 35.3%High 3 · 17.6%

Chemotherapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment

Overall survival · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma

Chemotherapy probably leads to lower overall survival compared with placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chemotherapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment

Progression‐free survival · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma

Chemotherapy leads to lower progression‐free survival compared with placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chemotherapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment

Serious adverse events · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma

Chemotherapy probably leads to higher serious adverse events compared with placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chemotherapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment

Tumour response · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma

Chemotherapy showed no clear difference in tumour response rate compared with placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Chemotherapy vs placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment

Any adverse events · advanced gastric and oesophago‐gastric junction adenocarcinoma

Chemotherapy showed no clear difference in any adverse events compared with placebo, best supportive care (BSC) or no treatment (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 1): chemotherapy or targeted therapy plus best supportive care (BSC) vs BSC

Overall survival · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 1): chemotherapy or… leads to lower overall survival compared with BSC (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 1): chemotherapy or targeted therapy plus best supportive care (BSC) vs BSC

Progression‐free survival · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table (subcomparison 1): chemotherapy or… changes progression‐free survival compared with BSC (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings table (subcomparison 1): chemotherapy or targeted therapy plus best supportive care (BSC) vs BSC

Toxicity · palliative participants with esophageal and GE‐junction carcinoma

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table (subcomparison 1): chemotherapy or… changes toxicity compared with BSC (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review