Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

51 questions · 55 findings · 2 reviews

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No studies found 4 · 7.3%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 49 · 89.1%Low 2 · 3.6%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Back School vs short‐wave diathermy at the lowest intensity

Duration of sick‐leave Sick‐leave > 21 days · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

It is very uncertain whether back school changes duration of sick‐leave Sick‐leave > 21 days compared with short‐wave diathermy at the lowest intensity (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.53 [0.35, 0.8]
1 study · 121 participants
Very low

Back School vs myofascial therapy

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

2 findings from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 63 participants
Very low
Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 61 participants
Very low

Back School vs myofascial therapy

Back‐specific functional status · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 63 participants
Very low

Back School vs myofascial therapy

Disability (intermediate‐term) RMDQ. Scale from: 0 to 24. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 61 participants
Very low

Back School vs myofascial therapy

Adverse events Number of events · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

It is very uncertain whether back school changes adverse events Number of events compared with myofascial therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.59 [0.48, 5.3]
1 study · 99 participants
Very low

Back school + other treatment vs other treatment alone

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

2 findings from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 156 participants
Very low
Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 140 participants
Very low

Back school + other treatment vs other treatment alone

Pain (long‐term) VAS. Scale from: 0 to 10. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 141 participants
Very low

Back school + other treatment vs other treatment alone

Disability (Roland‐Morris Disability Questionnaire) Scale from: 0 to 23; 0 is no disability. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 156 participants
Very low

Back school + other treatment vs other treatment alone

Disability (intermediate‐term) RMDQ. Scale from: 0 to 24. · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 140 participants
Very low

Back school + other treatment vs other treatment alone

Disability Long‐term (≥ 12 months) Disability scores converted to 0 to 100 scale to allow for comparison of different disability scales (RMDQ, ODI, JOA) · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 141 participants
Very low

Back school + other treatment vs other treatment alone

Work absence · participants with acute or subacute low‐back pain

It is very uncertain whether back school + other treatment changes work absence at 30 days Number of participants on sick‐leave compared with other treatment alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Back schools for acute and subacute non‐specific low‐back pain 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.94 [0.76, 1.16]
1 study · 168 participants
Very low