Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

7 questions · 7 findings · 1 reviews

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 2 · 28.6%Low 4 · 57.1%Moderate 1 · 14.3%High 0 · 0%

Death · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis

It is very uncertain whether azathioprine (AZA) changes death compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.15 [0.34, 3.87]
4 studies · 451 participants
Very low

ESKD · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis

It is very uncertain whether azathioprine (AZA) changes ESKD compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.7 [0.52, 5.54]
4 studies · 452 participants
Very low

Renal relapse · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis

Azathioprine (AZA) probably leads to higher renal relapse compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.75 [1.2, 2.55]
4 studies · 452 participants
Moderate

Doubling serum creatinine · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis

Azathioprine (AZA) may leads to higher doubling of serum creatinine compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.19 [1.03, 4.66]
4 studies · 452 participants
Low

Major infection · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis

Azathioprine (AZA) showed no clear difference in major infection compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.69, 1.96]
3 studies · 412 participants
Low

Leucopenia · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis

Azathioprine (AZA) may leads to higher leucopenia compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 5.61 [1.68, 18.72]
3 studies · 412 participants
Low

Alopecia · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis

Azathioprine (AZA) showed no clear difference in alopecia compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.95 [0.46, 1.95]
3 studies · 412 participants
Low