Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

106 questions · 108 findings · 10 reviews

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No studies found 17 · 15.7%GRADE not reported 3 · 2.8%Very low 37 · 34.3%Low 26 · 24.1%Moderate 25 · 23.1%High 0 · 0%

Azathioprine vs methotrexate

Kidney function · adults with renal vasculitis for maintenance therapy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for renal vasculitis in adults 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Azathioprine vs methotrexate

Dialysis · adults with renal vasculitis for maintenance therapy

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for renal vasculitis in adults 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Azathioprine vs methotrexate

Relapse · adults with renal vasculitis for maintenance therapy

Azathioprine showed no clear difference in relapse compared with methotrexate (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for renal vasculitis in adults 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.1 [0.68, 1.77]
1 study · 126 participants
Low

Azathioprine vs methotrexate

Adverse event causing death or study drug discontinuation · adults with renal vasculitis for maintenance therapy

Azathioprine showed no clear difference in adverse events causing death or study drug discontinuation compared with methotrexate (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for renal vasculitis in adults 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.58 [0.25, 1.38]
1 study · 126 participants
Low

Azathioprine vs methotrexate

Severe adverse events · adults with renal vasculitis for maintenance therapy

Azathioprine may leads to lower severe adverse events compared with methotrexate (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for renal vasculitis in adults 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.58
1 study · 126 participants
Low

Azathioprine vs no intervention

Mortality at maximal · people with primary biliary cholangitis

It is very uncertain whether azathioprine changes mortality at maximal compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for primary biliary cholangitis 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.56 [0.32, 0.98]
2 studies · 224 participants
Very low

Azathioprine vs no intervention

Serious adverse events (proportion) · people with primary biliary cholangitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for primary biliary cholangitis 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Azathioprine vs no intervention

Serious adverse events (number of events) · people with primary biliary cholangitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for primary biliary cholangitis 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Azathioprine vs no intervention

Health‐related quality of life · people with primary biliary cholangitis

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Pharmacological interventions for primary biliary cholangitis 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Azathioprine vs cyclosporin of remission

Failure to maintain remission · Patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis

It is very uncertain whether azathioprine (AZA) changes failure to maintain remission compared with cyclosporin of remission (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Azathioprine and 6‐mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.8 [0.33, 1.92]
1 study · 16 participants
Very low

Azathioprine vs mycophenolate

Death · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis

It is very uncertain whether azathioprine (AZA) changes death compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.15 [0.34, 3.87]
4 studies · 451 participants
Very low

Azathioprine vs mycophenolate

ESKD · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis

It is very uncertain whether azathioprine (AZA) changes ESKD compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.7 [0.52, 5.54]
4 studies · 452 participants
Very low

Azathioprine vs mycophenolate

Renal relapse · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis

Azathioprine (AZA) probably leads to higher renal relapse compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.75 [1.2, 2.55]
4 studies · 452 participants
Moderate

Azathioprine vs mycophenolate

Doubling serum creatinine · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis

Azathioprine (AZA) may leads to higher doubling of serum creatinine compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 2.19 [1.03, 4.66]
4 studies · 452 participants
Low

Azathioprine vs mycophenolate

Major infection · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis

Azathioprine (AZA) showed no clear difference in major infection compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.69, 1.96]
3 studies · 412 participants
Low

Azathioprine vs mycophenolate

Leucopenia · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis

Azathioprine (AZA) may leads to higher leucopenia compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 5.61 [1.68, 18.72]
3 studies · 412 participants
Low

Azathioprine vs mycophenolate

Alopecia · Patients with maintenance treatment in lupus nephritis

Azathioprine (AZA) showed no clear difference in alopecia compared with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Immunosuppressive treatment for proliferative lupus nephritis 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.95 [0.46, 1.95]
3 studies · 412 participants
Low

Azathioprine + infliximab vs infliximab

Clinical remission · Patients with active Crohn's disease

Azathioprine + infliximab probably leads to higher clinical remission compared with infliximab (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for induction of remission in Crohn's disease 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.26 [1.03, 1.54]
1 study · 338 participants
Moderate

Azathioprine + infliximab vs infliximab

Clinical remission off steroids · Patients with active Crohn's disease

Azathioprine + infliximab probably leads to higher clinical remission off steroids compared with infliximab (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for induction of remission in Crohn's disease 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.23 [1.02, 1.47]
2 studies · 383 participants
Moderate

Azathioprine + infliximab vs infliximab

Mucosal healing · Patients with active Crohn's disease

Azathioprine + infliximab probably leads to higher mucosal healing compared with infliximab (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Azathioprine or 6‐mercaptopurine for induction of remission in Crohn's disease 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.5 [1.02, 2.19]
1 study · 210 participants
Moderate