What do systematic reviews say?

Antibiotics vs placebo or usual care

• Antibiotics for exacerbations of asthma 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 43 participants
  Very low

Antibiotics vs surgery

It is very uncertain whether antibiotics changes length of hospital stay (days) compared with surgery (very low certainty).

• Appendectomy versus antibiotic treatment for acute appendicitis 2024 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 0.54 [0.06, 1.01]
  11 studies · 3192 participants
  Very low

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs placebo or no intervention

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) showed no clear difference in length of hospital stay (LOS) in days compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).

• Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 157 participants
  Low

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs pentoxifylline with antibiotics and immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin with antibiotics

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis in neonates 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found