Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

23 questions · 23 findings · 2 reviews · Kidney and Transplant

No studies found 5 · 21.7%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 1 · 4.3%Low 8 · 34.8%Moderate 9 · 39.1%High 0 · 0%

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers

Death (all causes) · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) alone showed no clear difference in all‐cause death Median compared with ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers

Cardiovascular mortality · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) alone showed no clear difference in cardiovascular death Median compared with ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers

Doubling of SCr Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) alone showed no clear difference in doubling of SCr Median compared with ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers

Fatal or nonfatal stroke · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) alone showed no clear difference in fatal or nonfatal stroke Median compared with ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers

Fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) alone showed no clear difference in fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction Median compared with ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers

Micro‐ to macroalbuminuria Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

It is very uncertain whether angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) alone changes micro‐ to macroalbuminuria Median compared with ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers

Micro‐ to normoalbuminuria Median · people with diabetes and kidney disease

Angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) alone showed no clear difference in micro‐ to normoalbuminuria Median compared with ACEi plus angiotensin receptor blockers (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs conventional therapy

Cardiac events (fatal) · patients receiving PD

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) showed no clear difference in cardiac events (fatal) compared with conventional therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors vs conventional therapy

Cardiac events (non fatal) · patients receiving PD

Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) showed no clear difference in cardiac events (non fatal) compared with conventional therapy (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review