Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

142 questions · 148 findings · 15 reviews

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No studies found 64 · 43.2%GRADE not reported 2 · 1.4%Very low 33 · 22.3%Low 29 · 19.6%Moderate 18 · 12.2%High 2 · 1.4%

Acupuncture vs sham control

Sense of control in labour ‐ not reported · pain management in labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture or acupressure for pain management during labour 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Acupuncture vs sham control

Satisfaction with childbirth experience ‐ not reported · pain management in labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture or acupressure for pain management during labour 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Acupuncture vs sham control

Use of pharmacological analgesia · pain management in labour

Acupuncture probably leads to lower use of pharmacological analgesia compared with sham control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture or acupressure for pain management during labour 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.75 [0.63, 0.89]
2 studies · 261 participants
Moderate

Acupuncture vs sham control

Instrumental vaginal birth · pain management in labour

It is very uncertain whether acupuncture changes assisted vaginal birth compared with sham control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture or acupressure for pain management during labour 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.1 [0.41, 2.97]
2 studies · 261 participants
Very low

Acupuncture vs sham control

Caesarean section · pain management in labour

Acupuncture showed no clear difference in caesarean section compared with sham control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture or acupressure for pain management during labour 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.11 [0.49, 2.48]
3 studies · 411 participants
Low

Acupuncture vs usual care

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · pain management in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture or acupressure for pain management during labour 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 495 participants
Very low

Acupuncture vs usual care

Satisfaction with pain relief · pain management in labour

Acupuncture showed no clear difference in satisfaction with pain relief in labour compared with usual care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture or acupressure for pain management during labour 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.07 [0.96, 1.2]
2 studies · 343 participants
Low

Acupuncture vs no treatment

Response rate ‐ not measured · women with PMS

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture and acupressure for premenstrual syndrome 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Acupuncture vs no treatment

Quality of life ‐ not measured · women with PMS

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture and acupressure for premenstrual syndrome 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Acupuncture vs sham

Adverse events at up to 2 months' · women with PMS

It is very uncertain whether acupuncture changes adverse events at up to 2 months' compared with sham (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture and acupressure for premenstrual syndrome 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.74 [0.39, 7.76]
3 studies · 167 participants
Very low

Acupuncture vs sham

Specific PMS symptoms ‐ not measured · women with PMS

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture and acupressure for premenstrual syndrome 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Acupuncture vs sham

Response rate at end of treatment · women with PMS

It is very uncertain whether acupuncture changes response rate at end of treatment compared with sham (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture and acupressure for premenstrual syndrome 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 4.22 [0.45, 39.88]
2 studies · 100 participants
Very low

Acupuncture vs sham

Quality of life · women with PMS

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture and acupressure for premenstrual syndrome 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 67 participants
Low

Acupuncture vs no treatment

Adverse events at end of treatment · women with PMS

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture and acupressure for premenstrual syndrome 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Acupuncture vs no treatment

Specific PMS symptoms ‐ not measured · women with PMS

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture and acupressure for premenstrual syndrome 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Acupuncture vs sham control

Vaginal delivery not achieved within 24 hours · women in the third trimester for induction of labour.

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture or acupressure for induction of labour 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Acupuncture vs usual care

Neonatal death or serious neonatal perinatal morbidity · women in the third trimester for induction of labour.

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture or acupressure for induction of labour 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Acupuncture vs sweeping of fetal membranes

Vaginal delivery not achieved within 24 hours · induction of labour.

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture or acupressure for induction of labour 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Acupuncture vs sweeping of fetal membranes

Uterine hyperstimulation with FHR changes ‐ not reported · induction of labour.

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture or acupressure for induction of labour 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Acupuncture vs sweeping of fetal membranes

Caesarean section · induction of labour.

Acupuncture showed no clear difference in caesarean section compared with sweeping of fetal membranes (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture or acupressure for induction of labour 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.64 [0.34, 1.22]
1 study · 207 participants
Moderate