Active stimulation + other intervention vs other intervention alone
Pain intensity (number of people with ≥ 50% improvement) · adults with chronic pain
It is very uncertain whether active stimulation + other intervention changes pain intensity. Proportion with ≥ 50% pain relief. (2‐year compared with other intervention alone (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
- Implanted spinal neuromodulation interventions for chronic pain in adults 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes onlyRR 15.15 [2.11, 108.91]1 study · 87 participantsVery low