Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,916 questions · 3,207 findings · 167 reviews · related questions CL0289

No studies found 596 · 18.6%GRADE not reported 1,666 · 51.9%Very low 603 · 18.8%Low 252 · 7.9%Moderate 78 · 2.4%High 12 · 0.4%

Psychological intervention: structured telephone call (verbal follow‐up and reassurance) vs placebo or no intervention

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · People undergoing orthodontic treatment (any age; 9 to 34 years in included studies)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Oral appliance or functional orthopaedic appliance vs placebo or no treatment

Reduction of upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS) and body-weight/BMI development (polysomnography) · Children with obstructive sleep apnoea (aged 15 years or younger)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Bethanechol vs placebo

Change in feeling of dryness · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants (trazodone 200 mg/day) vs placebo

Relief of burning/discomfort (symptom relief; pain intensity) · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

It is very uncertain whether antidepressants (trazodone 200 mg/day) changes relief of burning/discomfort (symptom relief; pain intensity) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Pain measured by valid instruments (mean postoperative pain score) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

It is very uncertain whether perioperative infraorbital nerve block changes pain measured by valid instruments (mean postoperative pain score) compared with placebo (sham block) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy plus standard care (surgery, antibiotics, oral rinse) vs Standard care alone (surgery, antibiotics, oral rinse)

Pain · People with BRONJ (mean age ~66 years; most treated with bisphosphonates for cancer (multiple myeloma, breast cancer) or osteoporosis)
1 finding from 1 review

Benzodiazepines (systemic clordemetildiazepam 1 mg/day) vs placebo

Relief of burning/discomfort (symptom relief; pain intensity) · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
    short-term (up to 3 months) · clordemetildiazepam
    Bogetto 1999 (clordemetildiazepam) included in the benzodiazepine comparison but data not presented (79% placebo-arm attrition).
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

Oral appliance or functional orthopaedic appliance vs placebo or no treatment

Daytime symptom: morning headache (Brouillette questionnaire) · Children with obstructive sleep apnoea (aged 15 years or younger)

It is very uncertain whether oral appliance or functional orthopaedic appliance changes daytime symptom: morning headache (Brouillette questionnaire) compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vibratory stimulation (vibratory adjuncts) vs No vibration or placebo vibration

Dose/intensity and frequency of pain relief needed (analgesic/rescue medication use) · Adolescents and adults undergoing orthodontic treatment

Vibratory stimulation (vibratory adjuncts) led to lower dose/intensity and frequency of pain relief needed (analgesic/rescue… compared with no vibration or placebo vibration; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) root-end filling vs Gutta-percha smoothing (orthograde GP root filling)

Postoperative pain (VAS 0-100) - 1 day · People requiring retreatment of periapical lesions (failed root canal therapy)

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) root-end filling showed no clear difference in postoperative pain (VAS 0-100) - 1 day compared with gutta-percha smoothing (orthograde GP root filling) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration)

Analgesia durationTime duration from the end of surgery to the time of first analgesic consumption. Scale from: 0 to 100. · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block led to higher time to first analgesic requirement compared with infiltration of the incision (peri-incisional infiltration); GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Root-end resection (with or without root-end filling; surgical retreatment) vs Non-surgical re-treatment (orthograde root canal therapy)

Participants reporting swelling · People with one or more endodontically treated teeth and a periapical condition requiring retreatment
1 finding from 1 review
  • Endodontic procedures for retreatment of periapical lesions 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
    first postoperative week
    Significantly higher number of participants reporting swelling in the root-end resection group than in the root canal retreatment group during the first postoperative week (Analysis 1.5); per-day totals not pooled.
    1 study
    GRADE not reported

Physical barriers (tongue protector + reinforced self-control instruction) vs placebo

Relief of burning/discomfort (symptom relief; pain intensity) · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms

It is very uncertain whether physical barriers (tongue protector + reinforced self-control… changes relief of burning/discomfort (symptom relief; pain intensity) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any experimental intervention (surgical or non-surgical) vs None (placebo or no treatment)

Improvement of pre-existing accompanying symptoms other than pain · People of any age and either sex, in any setting, with BRONJ; bisphosphonate exposure past or current; includes people with cancer and…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic requirements) · Children up to 13 years of age, undergoing cleft lip repair surgery

Perioperative infraorbital nerve block may leads to lower need for analgesic prescription for pain (supplemental analgesic… compared with placebo (sham block) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review