What do systematic reviews say?

Rectal midazolam vs A different sedative agent

• Sedation of children undergoing dental treatment 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Any behavioural score - Rectal midazolam versus (other sedatives): 90 (1); VERY LOW
  1 study · 90 participants
  Very low

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine vs 2% mepivacaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: Not measured.
  0 studies
  No studies found

3% mepivacaine plain vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  '100% success' (lidocaine 1:100,000 vs 3% mepivacaine plain): infraorbital block - Berberich 2009 40/40 vs 40/40; IANB - Cohen 1993 27/27 vs 34/34, McLean 1993 30/30 vs 30/30. Both 100% successful.
  3 studies · 121 participants
  GRADE not reported

4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine vs 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

It is very uncertain whether 4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine changes duration of anaesthesia (pulpal, electric pulp tester; healthy pulps) compared with 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (very low certainty).

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  MD -8.98 [-15.17, -2.79]
  5 studies · 162 participants
  Very low

4% prilocaine plain vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

4% prilocaine plain showed no clear difference in success of local anaesthesia (pulpal, electric pulp tester; healthy… compared with 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (low certainty).

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  RR 0.93 [0.75, 1.17]
  2 studies · 60 participants
  Low

2% mepivacaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: Not measured.
  0 studies
  No studies found

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine may leads to higher success of local anaesthesia, absence of pain (clinical testing of… compared with 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (low certainty).

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes

  10 minutes post-injection to end of clinical procedure
  RR 1.6 [1.1, 2.32]
  4 studies · 203 participants
  Low

4% articaine plain vs 4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine

It is very uncertain whether 4% articaine plain changes success of local anaesthesia (pulpal, electric pulp tester; healthy… compared with 4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine (very low certainty).

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  RR 0.58 [0.33, 1.01]
  2 studies · 134 participants
  Very low

Chloral hydrate vs placebo or no intervention

It is very uncertain whether chloral hydrate changes good or better behaviour compared with placebo (including no intervention) (very low certainty).

• Sedation of children undergoing dental treatment 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  RR 1.33 [0.80, 2.22]
  1 study · 60 participants
  Very low

Intravenous midazolam vs A different sedative agent

• Sedation of children undergoing dental treatment 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  Any behavioural score - Intravenous midazolam versus (other sedatives): 70 (2); VERY LOW
  2 studies · 70 participants
  Very low

2% mepivacaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  'Other comparisons with 100% success': IANB - Allegretti 2016 22/22 vs 22/22; Visconti 2016 21/21 vs 21/21. Both formulations 100% successful; no meta-analysis (no difference).
  2 studies · 43 participants
  GRADE not reported

4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine vs 0.5% bupivacaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: Not measured.
  0 studies
  No studies found

4% prilocaine plain vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

It is very uncertain whether 4% prilocaine plain changes duration of anaesthesia (soft tissue, simulated) compared with 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (very low certainty).

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  MD -33.95 [-48.05, -19.84]
  3 studies · 698 participants
  Very low

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

It is very uncertain whether 4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine changes speed of onset of anaesthesia (soft tissue, simulated) compared with 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (very low certainty).

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  MD -0.23 [-0.45, -0.01]
  6 studies · 637 participants
  Very low

4% prilocaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

4% prilocaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine showed no clear difference in speed of onset of anaesthesia (soft tissue, simulated) compared with 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (low certainty).

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  MD -0.01 [-0.14, 0.11]
  2 studies · 421 participants
  Low

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine vs 2% mepivacaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: Not measured.
  0 studies
  No studies found

4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine vs 0.5% bupivacaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: Not measured.
  0 studies
  No studies found

2% lidocaine, 1:50,000 epinephrine vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

It is very uncertain whether 2% lidocaine, 1:50,000 epinephrine changes success of local anaesthesia (pulpal, electric pulp tester; healthy… compared with 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (very low certainty).

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  RR 0.99 [0.88, 1.12]
  7 studies · 210 participants
  Very low

4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

It is very uncertain whether 4% articaine, 1:200,000 epinephrine changes duration of anaesthesia (pulpal, electric pulp tester; healthy pulps) compared with 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (very low certainty).

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  MD 10.33 [-22.08, 42.74]
  2 studies · 40 participants
  Very low

4% prilocaine plain vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Injectable local anaesthetic agents for dental anaesthesia 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
  SoF: Not measured.
  0 studies
  No studies found