Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

2,916 questions · 3,207 findings · 167 reviews · related questions CL0289

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No studies found 596 · 18.6%GRADE not reported 1,666 · 51.9%Very low 603 · 18.8%Low 252 · 7.9%Moderate 78 · 2.4%High 12 · 0.4%

Thymosin alpha 1 (10-minute soak prior to replantation) vs Normal saline

Pain · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating traumatised permanent front teeth: avulsed (knocked out) and replanted 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
day 1
A benefit in pain scores was reported on day 1 in favour of the thymosin alpha 1 group; no difference found on days 2 and 5.
1 study · 73 participants
GRADE not reported

Acupuncture at P6 point vs sham

Reduction in gagging (patient-reported) · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials enrolled adults

It is very uncertain whether acupuncture at P6 point changes reduction in gagging (patient-reported – ordinal converted to… compared with sham acupuncture (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
RR 2.57 [1.12, 5.89]
1 study · 26 participants
Very low
Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
MD 0.86 [-1.13, 2.85]
1 study · 33 participants
GRADE not reported

Antifibrinolytic therapy (tranexamic acid or epsilon aminocaproic acid) vs Placebo, no intervention or usual care (with or without placebo)

Change in haemoglobin level from baseline · People with haemophilia (A or B) undergoing minor oral surgery or dental extractions

1 finding from 1 review

Antifibrinolytic therapy for preventing oral bleeding in patients with haemophilia or Von Willebrand disease… 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Mean fall in haemoglobin. Forbes (TXA): 1.4 g/100 mL (placebo) vs 0.3 g/100 mL (TXA). Walsh (EACA): 6.3% (placebo, both centres) vs 3.9% and 3.7% (EACA, centres 1 and 2); differences not significant. Reported in…
2 studies · 59 participants
GRADE not reported

Hinokitiol gel vs Placebo gel

Patient-reported OLT score · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
mean 4 weeks
Patient-reported OLT score: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for patient-reported OLT score.
0 studies
No studies found

Acupressure at P6 point with sea band plus sedation vs Sham (dummy) acupressure with sedation

Presence or absence of gagging · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials enrolled adults

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
None of the trials comparing acupressure with thumb, device or sea band to sham acupressure with or without sedation reported presence or absence of gagging.
0 studies
No studies found

1000 mg champignon extract vs 50 mg champignon extract

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

It is very uncertain whether 1000 mg champignon extract changes patient-reported visual analogue scale (VAS) score (scale 0 to 100) compared with 50 mg champignon extract (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
mean 2 weeks
MD -5.32 [-18.14, 7.5]
1 study · 40 participants
Very low

Acupressure at P6 point with thumb plus sedation vs Sham (dummy) acupressure with sedation

Presence or absence of gagging · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials enrolled adults

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
None of the trials comparing acupressure with thumb, device or sea band to sham acupressure with or without sedation reported presence or absence of gagging.
0 studies
No studies found

Antifibrinolytic therapy (tranexamic acid or epsilon aminocaproic acid) vs Placebo, no intervention or usual care (with or without placebo)

Need for and dose of clotting factor concentrates · People with haemophilia (A or B) undergoing minor oral surgery or dental extractions

1 finding from 1 review

Antifibrinolytic therapy for preventing oral bleeding in patients with haemophilia or Von Willebrand disease… 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Reported in both trials in different ways. Forbes (TXA): mean units of replacement therapy per root extracted 617 IU (range 0 to 15,800) in 11 placebo participants versus 30 IU and 65 IU per root in 2 TXA participants…
2 studies · 59 participants
GRADE not reported

Acupressure at P6 point with device plus sedation vs Sham (dummy) acupressure with sedation

Presence or absence of gagging · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials enrolled adults

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
None of the trials comparing acupressure with thumb, device or sea band to sham acupressure with or without sedation reported presence or absence of gagging.
0 studies
No studies found

Acupressure at P6 point with device vs sham

Reduction in gagging (patient-reported) · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials enrolled adults

It is very uncertain whether acupressure at P6 point with device changes reduction in gagging (patient-reported) compared with sham (dummy) acupressure (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
RR 3.94 [1.63, 9.53]
1 study · 34 participants
Very low

1000 mg champignon extract vs placebo

Dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
mean 2 weeks
Dentist-reported OLT score: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for dentist-reported OLT score.
0 studies
No studies found

0.6% eucalyptus chewing gum vs Placebo chewing gum

It is very uncertain whether 0.6% eucalyptus chewing gum changes dentist-reported organoleptic test (OLT) score (scale 0 to 5) compared with placebo chewing gum (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
mean 4 weeks
MD -0.1 [-0.31, 0.11]
1 study · 65 participants
Very low

Systemic antibiotic (oral penicillin 500 mg) plus analgesic vs Placebo plus analgesic

Patient-reported pain intensity (sum of pain intensity difference (SPID) and sum of pain percussion intensity difference (SPPID)) · Adults over 18 years presenting with a single tooth with a clinical diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotic use for irreversible pulpitis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
7 days
Corresponding risk (Antibiotics): The in between-group differences (median +/- IQR) in SPID for the penicillin group were 6.0 +/- 10.5, and for placebo 6.0 +/- 9.5. The SPPID for the penicillin group was 3.5 +/- 7.5…
1 study · 40 participants
Low

Ledermix root canal medicament (day 0 to 10) vs Ultracal root canal medicament (day 7 to 10)

Tooth survival · People with avulsed and replanted permanent (front) teeth

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for treating traumatised permanent front teeth: avulsed (knocked out) and replanted 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 months
Tooth survival at 12 months: Not estimable (due to no events in either arm); 27 teeth in 22 patients (1 RCT). At 12 months, no teeth were lost. 1 tooth was lost at 16 months in the Ultracal group.
1 study · 22 participants
Very low

Antifibrinolytic therapy (tranexamic acid or epsilon aminocaproic acid) vs Placebo, no intervention or usual care (with or without placebo)

Amount of postoperative blood loss (mL) · People with haemophilia (A or B) undergoing minor oral surgery or dental extractions

1 finding from 1 review

Antifibrinolytic therapy for preventing oral bleeding in patients with haemophilia or Von Willebrand disease… 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
Only reported in the Forbes (TXA) trial: over five-day follow-up, mean blood loss per participant 84.1 mL (range 4 to 323) in the placebo group (n=14) versus 61.2 mL (range 1 to 749) in the TXA group (n=14), P = 0.02.
1 study · 28 participants
GRADE not reported

0.6% eucalyptus chewing gum vs 0.4% eucalyptus chewing gum

Volatile sulphur compounds (VSC), halimeter · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

0.6% eucalyptus chewing gum showed no clear difference in volatile sulphur compounds (VSC) compared with 0.4% eucalyptus chewing gum; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
4 weeks
MD 0.0 [-0.21, 0.21]
1 study · 64 participants
GRADE not reported

Pycnogenol chewing gum vs Placebo chewing gum

VSC: hydrogen sulphide · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

Pycnogenol chewing gum led to lower VSC: hydrogen sulphide compared with placebo chewing gum; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
4 weeks
MD -114.9 [-206.59, -23.21]
1 study · 21 participants
GRADE not reported

Miswak (Salvadora persica) stick vs Chlorhexidine mouthwash

Patient self-assessment VAS (scale 0 to 10) · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

It is very uncertain whether miswak (Salvadora persica) stick changes patient self-assessment VAS (scale 0 to 10) compared with chlorhexidine mouthwash (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
mean 1 week
MD -0.26 [-1.16, 0.64]
1 study · 24 participants
Very low

Pycnogenol chewing gum vs Placebo chewing gum

VSC: methyl mercaptan · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

Pycnogenol chewing gum showed no clear difference in VSC: methyl mercaptan compared with placebo chewing gum; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
4 weeks
MD -8.4 [-24.95, 8.15]
1 study · 21 participants
GRADE not reported

Acupressure at P6 point with thumb vs sham

Presence or absence of gagging · People (older than four years) classified as having gagging that interfered with dental treatment; included trials enrolled adults

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Management of gag reflex for patients undergoing dental treatment 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
None of the trials comparing acupressure with thumb, device or sea band to sham acupressure with or without sedation reported presence or absence of gagging.
0 studies
No studies found