Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

741 questions · 808 findings · 27 reviews · Oral medicine and oral cancer · related questions CL0289

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No studies found 95 · 11.8%GRADE not reported 498 · 61.6%Very low 134 · 16.6%Low 53 · 6.6%Moderate 27 · 3.3%High 1 · 0.1%

Electrostimulation (device) vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Oral health assessment · Adults with dry mouth due to Sjogren's Syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Visual screening (oral visual inspection) by trained health workers vs No screening

Harms of screening (false-positive/false-negative outcomes) · Apparently healthy adults aged 35 years or older (general population), living in 13 clusters in rural areas of Trivandrum city, Kerala,…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Screening programmes for the early detection and prevention of oral cancer 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
15-year follow-up
No harms were reported.
0 studies
No studies found

Acupuncture vs sham

Unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) · Adults with dry mouth due to radiotherapy (head and neck cancer) or Sjogren's Syndrome

Acupuncture may leads to higher unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) compared with placebo (sham acupuncture) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 months (1 year follow-up)
MD 0.06 [0.01, 0.11]
2 studies · 54 participants
Low
Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
End of treatment (4-6 weeks)
MD 0.02 [0, 0.04]
3 studies · 71 participants
Low

Visual screening (oral visual inspection) by trained health workers vs No screening

Oral cancer incidence · Apparently healthy adults aged 35 years or older (general population), living in 13 clusters in rural areas of Trivandrum city, Kerala,…

Visual screening (oral visual inspection) by trained health workers showed no clear difference in oral cancer incidence compared with no screening; GRADE not reported.

2 findings from 1 review

Screening programmes for the early detection and prevention of oral cancer 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
15-year follow-up
RR 1.14 [0.91, 1.44]
1 study · 191873 participants
GRADE not reported
Screening programmes for the early detection and prevention of oral cancer 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
15-year follow-up · High-risk individuals (tobacco and/or alcohol users)
RR 0.97 [0.79, 1.19]
1 study
GRADE not reported

Electrostimulation (device) vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Stimulated whole saliva (SWS) · Adults with dry mouth due to Sjogren's Syndrome

It is very uncertain whether electrostimulation (device) changes stimulated whole saliva (SWS) compared with placebo (sham/placebo device) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
End of treatment (4 weeks)
MD 0.16 [-0.05, 0.37]
1 study · 24 participants
Very low

Acupuncture vs sham

Stimulated whole saliva (SWS) · Adults with dry mouth due to radiotherapy (head and neck cancer) or Sjogren's Syndrome

Acupuncture may leads to higher stimulated whole saliva (SWS) compared with placebo (sham acupuncture) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
12 months (1 year follow-up)
MD 0.28 [0.09, 0.47]
2 studies · 54 participants
Low
Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
End of treatment (4-6 weeks)
MD 0.19 [0.07, 0.31]
3 studies · 71 participants
Low

Electrostimulation (device) vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Patient satisfaction with treatment · Adults with dry mouth due to Sjogren's Syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Acupuncture vs sham

Dry mouth (xerostomia) · Adults with dry mouth due to radiotherapy (head and neck cancer) or Sjogren's Syndrome

Acupuncture showed no clear difference in dry mouth (mouth dryness, different scales) compared with placebo (sham acupuncture) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
End of treatment (4-6 weeks)
SMD -0.34 [-0.81, 0.14]
2 studies · 70 participants
Low

Toluidine blue (visual staining) vs No screening

Outcome not reported · Planned population: general population or high-risk / opportunistic screening groups (no eligible study)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Screening programmes for the early detection and prevention of oral cancer 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
There was no evidence to support the use of adjunctive technologies like toluidine blue, brush biopsy or fluorescence imaging as a screening tool to reduce oral cancer mortality; no eligible randomised controlled trial…
0 studies
No studies found

Powered toothbrush (any mode of action) vs Manual toothbrush

Unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) · Adults with medication-related dry mouth

Powered toothbrush showed no clear difference in unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) compared with manual toothbrush; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
45 minutes after brushing
MD -0.07 [-0.74, 0.60]
1 study
GRADE not reported

Brush biopsy (oral cytology) vs No screening

Outcome not reported · Planned population: general population or high-risk / opportunistic screening groups (no eligible study)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Screening programmes for the early detection and prevention of oral cancer 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
There was no evidence to support the use of adjunctive technologies like toluidine blue, brush biopsy or fluorescence imaging as a screening tool to reduce oral cancer mortality; no eligible randomised controlled trial…
0 studies
No studies found

Acupuncture vs sham

Patient satisfaction with treatment · Adults with dry mouth due to radiotherapy (head and neck cancer) or Sjogren's Syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Powered toothbrush (any mode of action) vs Manual toothbrush

Stimulated whole saliva (SWS) · Adults with medication-related dry mouth

Powered toothbrush showed no clear difference in stimulated whole saliva (SWS) compared with manual toothbrush; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
5 minutes after brushing
MD -0.13 [-1.92, 1.66]
1 study
GRADE not reported

Electrostimulation (device) vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) · Adults with dry mouth due to Sjogren's Syndrome

It is very uncertain whether electrostimulation (device) changes unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) compared with placebo (sham/placebo device) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
End of treatment (4 weeks)
MD 0.02 [-0.12, 0.16]
1 study · 24 participants
Very low

Electrostimulation (device) vs Placebo (sham/placebo device)

Duration of effectiveness · Adults with dry mouth due to Sjogren's Syndrome

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
no estimate extracted
0 studies
No studies found

Fluorescence imaging / light-based techniques vs No screening

Outcome not reported · Planned population: general population or high-risk / opportunistic screening groups (no eligible study)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Screening programmes for the early detection and prevention of oral cancer 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
There was no evidence to support the use of adjunctive technologies like toluidine blue, brush biopsy or fluorescence imaging as a screening tool to reduce oral cancer mortality; no eligible randomised controlled trial…
0 studies
No studies found

Powered toothbrush (any mode of action) vs Manual toothbrush

Dry mouth (xerostomia) · Adults with medication-related dry mouth

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for the management of dry mouth: non‐pharmacological interventions 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
Papas 2006 used a VAS to measure mouth dryness but did not report dry mouth outcome data
1 study
GRADE not reported

Visual screening (oral visual inspection) by trained health workers vs No screening

Survival (proportion alive after diagnosis) · Apparently healthy adults aged 35 years or older (general population), living in 13 clusters in rural areas of Trivandrum city, Kerala,…

1 finding from 1 review

Screening programmes for the early detection and prevention of oral cancer 2013 · Cochrane All outcomes
5-year survival
A significantly higher five-year survival rate was reported in the screened group (55.5%) compared to the control (43.4%) (P value = 0.003).
1 study · 523 participants
GRADE not reported

Tacrolimus 0.1% vs Topical clobetasol propionate 0.05% ointment

Pain reduction (VAS 0-10) · People with erosive oral lichen planus

Topical tacrolimus 0.1% ointment showed no clear difference in pain reduction (VAS 0-10) compared with topical clobetasol propionate 0.05% ointment; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for erosive lichen planus affecting mucosal sites 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
MD -0.64 [-1.91, 0.63]
1 study · 29 participants
GRADE not reported

0.1% triamcinolone acetonide in orabase vs ciclosporin

Physician Global Assessment (Thongprasom score) · People with erosive oral lichen planus

0.1% triamcinolone acetonide in orabase showed no clear difference in physician Global Assessment (Thongprasom score) compared with ciclosporin solution; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for erosive lichen planus affecting mucosal sites 2012 · Cochrane All outcomes
MD 0.61 [-0.79, 2.01]
1 study · 11 participants
GRADE not reported