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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1 questions in 1 reviews · cluster CL0029
current versionsNo studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 1 · 100%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Intervention categories, outcome domains and clusters are a proposed key pending human validation. Clear all filters
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
E-cigarette aerosol / e-liquid exposure (flavored and unflavored; nicotine and non-nicotine) vs Unexposed controls / unflavored e-liquid / conventional cigarette smoke Enamel/dental hard-tissue changes and e-liquid cariogenic properties (demineralization, colour change, pH, sugar content, metals) · Oral bacteria (streptococci), dental hard tissue (enamel/dentin) and e-liquids studied in vitro/ex vivo (with a few… The effects of electronic smoking on dental caries and proinflammatory markers: a systematic review and… (2025) | Narrative synthesis. In vitro studies showed e-liquids can be acidic (Fairchild 2021: 84% of vapes pH<5.5) and contain sugars (Fagan 2018 sucrose ~125 ug/ml; Kubica 2014 sucrose 0.76-72.93 ug/g), and e-cigarette… | NR | Ungraded |