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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
3 questions in 1 reviews · cluster CL0028
current versionsNo studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 3 · 100%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Intervention categories, outcome domains and clusters are a proposed key pending human validation. Clear all filters
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
E-cigarette use (electronic nicotine delivery systems / vaping) vs Non-smokers (non-users) Self-reported gingivitis · Adult e-cigarette (ENDS) users (general oral health; predominantly natural dentition) An Umbrella Review of E-Cigarettes' Impact on Oral Microbiota and Biofilm Buildup. (2025) | Narrative synthesis: a meta-analysis within Camoni et al. combining 6 primary studies found an association between e-cigarette use and self-reported gingivitis, with high heterogeneity (Camoni [28]); the umbrella… | 1 study | Ungraded |
E-cigarette use (electronic nicotine delivery systems / vaping) vs Non-smokers (non-users) Oral microbiota composition (dysbiosis; increased periodontal/opportunistic pathogens) · Adult e-cigarette (ENDS) users (general oral health; predominantly natural dentition) An Umbrella Review of E-Cigarettes' Impact on Oral Microbiota and Biofilm Buildup. (2025) | Narrative synthesis: reviews reported oral microbiota dysbiosis in e-cigarette users, including increased Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum and microbial shifts predisposing to oral infection… | 5 studies | Ungraded |
E-cigarette use (electronic nicotine delivery systems / vaping) vs Non-smokers (non-users) Periodontitis / periodontal disease and periodontal parameters · Adult e-cigarette (ENDS) users (general oral health; predominantly natural dentition) An Umbrella Review of E-Cigarettes' Impact on Oral Microbiota and Biofilm Buildup. (2025) | Narrative synthesis: e-cigarette use associated with increased risk of periodontal and gingival disease and worse periodontal parameters vs non-smokers (Tattar, Shabil, Figueredo, Yang [23,24,30,31]); no pooled… | 7 studies | Ungraded |