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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
5 questions in 1 reviews · intervention: Xylitol/polyols · outcome domain: Adverse effects/fluorosis
current versionsNo studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 5 · 100%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Intervention categories, outcome domains and clusters are a proposed key pending human validation. Clear all filters
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Xylitol lozenges (4.7 g/day) vs No treatment Adverse effects · Children (permanent teeth; baseline 8 to 10 years) · 24 months (48-month follow-up) Xylitol‐containing products for preventing dental caries in children and adults (2015) · Cochrane | There were no usable data presented for adverse effects. Lenkkeri 2012. | 1 study | Ungraded |
Xylitol syrup (high dose, 8 g/day) vs Control (low-dose xylitol, 2.67 g/day) syrup Adverse effects (loose stools, diarrhoea) · Infants (primary teeth; baseline about 9 to 15 months) · 12 months Xylitol‐containing products for preventing dental caries in children and adults (2015) · Cochrane | Adverse effects were not reported in a usable format, but the reported rates of loose stools and diarrhoea were very similar between groups. There were no serious adverse effects during the study. Milgrom 2009. | 1 study · 94 participants | Ungraded |
Xylitol candy (7.5 g/day) vs Control (sorbitol) candy Adverse effects · Children (mixed dentition; baseline about 8 years) · 36 months Xylitol‐containing products for preventing dental caries in children and adults (2015) · Cochrane | The authors reported that there were no adverse effects for either group. Honkala 2014. | 1 study · 252 participants | Ungraded |
Xylitol lozenges (5 g/day) vs Control lozenges (sucralose-sweetened placebo, no xylitol) Adverse effects (sores in the mouth, cramps, bloating, constipation, flatulence, loose stool or diarrhoea) · Adults · 33 months Xylitol‐containing products for preventing dental caries in children and adults (2015) · Cochrane | Patterns of adverse effects (sores in the mouth, cramps, bloating, constipation, flatulence, and loose stool or diarrhoea) were similar for both groups. Bader 2013. | 1 study · 669 participants | Ungraded |
Xylitol wipes (4.2 g/day) vs Control wipes (no xylitol) Adverse effects · Infants (primary teeth) · 12 months Xylitol‐containing products for preventing dental caries in children and adults (2015) · Cochrane | The authors reported that there were no adverse effects for either group. Zhan 2012. | 1 study · 44 participants | Ungraded |