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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
3 questions in 3 reviews · intervention: Antimicrobial (other) · outcome domain: Microbiological/plaque
current versionsNo studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 3 · 100%Very low 0 · 0%Low 0 · 0%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Intervention categories, outcome domains and clusters are a proposed key pending human validation. Clear all filters
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Antibacterial S. mutans reduction only in Farzanegan (chitosan+TiO2); Mollabashi (TiO2-only) showed no significant antibacterial effect - not attributable to TiO2 alone vs Conventional adhesive/composite (Transbond XT) Antibacterial effect (Streptococcus mutans count, real-time PCR) · Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic (fixed appliance) treatment (adolescents and adults, ages 12 to 35) · 1 day to 6 months, Antibacterial (S. mutans) Can Orthodontic Adhesive Systems Inhibit the Formation and Development of White Spot Lesions During Fixed… (2024) | Two RCTs gave conflicting antibacterial results: Farzanegan 2021 reported a significant decrease in S. mutans with the chitosan plus TiO2 adhesive (p=0.01 lateral incisors; p=0.001 second premolars); Mollabashi 2022… | 2 studies · 64 participants | Ungraded |
Periodontal treatment (scaling and root planing, polishing, or surgery), alone or with oral hygiene counselling, antiseptics, or antimicrobials vs No treatment Plaque index · Pregnant women considered to have periodontal disease (gingivitis or periodontitis) after dental examination Treating periodontal disease for preventing adverse birth outcomes in pregnant women (2017) · Cochrane | Reported as a secondary periodontal outcome (Analysis 1.8); results not meta-analysed due to considerable heterogeneity (I2 91% to 100%); reduction in favour of periodontal treatment. | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Mucoadhesive disk (carbomer/triglycerides + antimicrobial agents) vs Placebo disk Salivary flow · Adults seeking treatment for the symptom of dry mouth (xerostomia) due to any cause (e.g. medication, Sjogren's… Interventions for the management of dry mouth: topical therapies (2011) · Cochrane | No difference in salivary flow rates between active and placebo disks. | 1 study | Ungraded |