Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,501 questions · 1,558 findings · 115 reviews · Vascular

No studies found 346 · 22.2%GRADE not reported 90 · 5.8%Very low 281 · 18%Low 477 · 30.6%Moderate 313 · 20.1%High 51 · 3.3%

ASA with LMWH vs placebo or IVIG

Bleeding ‐ major (bleeding requiring transfusion) Length of · people with antiphospholipid antibodies and no history of thrombosis

ASA with LMWH showed no clear difference in bleeding ‐ major (bleeding requiring transfusion) Length of compared with placebo or IVIG (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ASA with LMWH vs placebo or IVIG

Bleeding ‐ other (bleeding during first trimester) Length of · people with antiphospholipid antibodies and no history of thrombosis

ASA with LMWH showed no clear difference in bleeding ‐ other (bleeding during first trimester) Length of compared with placebo or IVIG (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ASA with LMWH vs placebo or IVIG

Bleeding ‐ other (postpartum haemorrhage) Length of · people with antiphospholipid antibodies and no history of thrombosis

ASA with LMWH showed no clear difference in bleeding ‐ other (postpartum haemorrhage) Length of compared with placebo or IVIG (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ASA + high‐dose LMWH vs ASA + low‐dose LMWH or UFH

Subcutaneous bruises · people with antiphospholipid antibodies and no history of thrombosis

ASA + high‐dose LMWH showed no clear difference in subcutaneous bruises compared with ASA + low‐dose LMWH or UFH (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Anticoagulant with or without ASA vs ASA only

Minor bleeding · people with antiphospholipid antibodies and no history of thrombosis

Anticoagulant with or without ASA may leads to higher bleeding ‐ minor (not requiring hospital admission) Median compared with ASA only (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Anticoagulant with or without ASA vs ASA only

Adverse event other than bleeding · people with antiphospholipid antibodies and no history of thrombosis

Anticoagulant with or without ASA led to lower adverse event other than bleeding compared with ASA only; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review