Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,234 questions · 2,325 findings · 216 reviews · Airways

No studies found 249 · 10.7%GRADE not reported 107 · 4.6%Very low 276 · 11.9%Low 751 · 32.3%Moderate 718 · 30.9%High 224 · 9.6%

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol vs placebo

Adverse events (not including serious adverse events): number of participants · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol showed no clear difference in adverse events (not including serious adverse events): number of… compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol vs aclidinium alone

Non‐fatal serious adverse events · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol showed no clear difference in non‐fatal serious adverse events compared with aclidinium alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol vs aclidinium alone

Hospital admissions due to exacerbations: number of participants · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol showed no clear difference in hospital admissions due to exacerbations: number of participants compared with aclidinium alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol vs aclidinium alone

Improvement in symptoms: number of participants with clinically significant improvement: using TDI focal score (≥ 1 unit) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol leads to higher improvement in symptoms: number of participants with clinically… compared with aclidinium alone (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol vs aclidinium alone

Adverse events (not including serious adverse events): number of participants · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol showed no clear difference in adverse events (not including serious adverse events): number of… compared with aclidinium alone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol vs formoterol

Exacerbations requiring steroids or antibiotics or both: number of participants · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol leads to lower exacerbations requiring steroids or antibiotics or both: number of… compared with formoterol (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol vs formoterol

Quality of life: number of participants with clinically significant improvement (≥ 4 units) in SGRQ total score · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Fixed‐dose combination aclidinium/formoterol showed no clear difference in quality of life: number of participants with clinically significant… compared with formoterol (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings for AMBMT vs PR

Change in dyspnoea score · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
2 findings from 1 review

Caseworker‐assigned discharge plans vs non‐caseworker‐assigned plans

Hospital admissions · children with asthma

Caseworker‐assigned discharge plans probably leads to lower hospitalisation compared with non‐caseworker‐assigned plans (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Caseworker‐assigned discharge plans vs non‐caseworker‐assigned plans

ED visits · children with asthma

Caseworker‐assigned discharge plans showed no clear difference in emergency department visit compared with non‐caseworker‐assigned plans (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review