Perineal bruising within 4 ‐ 6 hours of giving birth · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack) changes perineal bruising within 4 ‐ 6 hours of giving birth compared with cooling treatment (cold gel pad) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Perineal bruising within 24 hours of giving birth · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack) changes perineal bruising within 24 hours of giving birth compared with cooling treatment (cold gel pad) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Perineal redness, oedema, bruising, discharge, wound gaping within 24 hours of giving birth · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects on perineal wound healing: Day 5 ‐ Wound not healing · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack) changes adverse effects on perineal wound healing: Day 5 ‐ Wound not healing compared with cooling treatment (cold gel pad) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Perineal pain 24 ‐ 48 hours after giving birth ‐ Moderate + severe pain · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack or cold gel pad) changes perineal pain between 24 ‐ 48 after giving birth ‐ Moderate + severe… compared with no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects on perineal wound healing: Day 5 ‐ Wound edges gaping · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack) changes adverse effects on perineal wound healing: Day 5 ‐ Wound edges gaping compared with cooling treatment (cold gel pad) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal views and experiences with treatment ‐ Opinion on treatment effects (good + very good + excellent) Day 5 · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack) changes maternal views and experiences with treatment ‐ Opinion on treatment… compared with cooling treatment (cold gel pad) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal views and experiences of treatment ‐ Satisfaction with overall perineal care (good + very good + excellent) Day 10 · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack) changes maternal views and experiences with treatment ‐ Satisfaction with… compared with cooling treatment (cold gel pad) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Perineal pain 24 ‐ 48 hours after giving birth · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
1 finding from 1 review
Perineal oedema within 24 hours of giving birth · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack or cold gel pad) changes perineal oedema within 24 hours of giving birth compared with no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Perineal bruising within 24 hours of giving birth · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack or cold gel pad) changes perineal bruising within 24 hours of giving birth compared with no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Perineal bruising 24 ‐ 48 hours after giving birth · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack or cold gel pad) changes perineal bruising 24 ‐ 48 hours after giving birth compared with no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Perineal redness, oedema, bruising, discharge, wound gaping 24 ‐ 48 hours of giving birth · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
1 finding from 1 review
Breast pain · women with breast engorgement during lactation
1 finding from 1 review
Breast swelling · women with breast engorgement during lactation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Breast engorgement · women with breast engorgement during lactation
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal opinion of treatment · women with breast engorgement during lactation
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Cessation of breastfeeding, · women with breast engorgement during lactation
1 finding from 1 review
Number of women with adverse events, · women with breast engorgement during lactation
1 finding from 1 review
Breast pain · women with breast engorgement
1 finding from 1 review