Any breastfeeding at hospital discharge · pregnant women at or beyond 37 weeks gestation
Labour induction showed no clear difference in breastfeeding at discharge compared with expectant management (maternal outcomes) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Postnatal depression · pregnant women at or beyond 37 weeks gestation
1 finding from 1 review
Length of maternal hospital stay (days) · pregnant women at or beyond 37 weeks gestation
It is very uncertain whether labour induction changes length of maternal hospital stay (days) compared with expectant management (maternal outcomes) (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Stillbirth · pregnant women at or beyond 37 weeks gestation
Labour induction leads to lower stillbirth compared with expectant management (infant/child outcomes) (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Admission to neonatal intensive care unit · pregnant women at or beyond 37 weeks gestation
Labour induction leads to lower admission to neonatal intensive care unit compared with expectant management (infant/child outcomes) (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal encephalopathy · pregnant women at or beyond 37 weeks gestation
Labour induction showed no clear difference in neonatal encephalopathy compared with expectant management (infant/child outcomes) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Apgar score less than 7 at 5 minutes · pregnant women at or beyond 37 weeks gestation
Labour induction probably leads to lower apgar score less than 7 at 5 minutes compared with expectant management (infant/child outcomes) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal (birth) trauma · pregnant women at or beyond 37 weeks gestation
Labour induction showed no clear difference in neonatal (birth) trauma compared with expectant management (infant/child outcomes) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neurodevelopment at childhood · pregnant women at or beyond 37 weeks gestation
1 finding from 1 review
Caesarean section · pregnant women at or beyond 37 weeks gestation
Labour induction probably leads to lower caesarean section compared with expectant management (maternal outcomes) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Instrumental vaginal birth · pregnant women at or beyond 37 weeks gestation
Labour induction showed no clear difference in operative vaginal birth (forceps or ventouse) compared with expectant management (maternal outcomes) (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Perineal pain within 4 ‐ 6 hours of giving birth · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects on perineal wound healing: Day 5 ‐ Wound not healing · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack or cold gel pad) changes adverse effects on perineal wound healing: Day 5 ‐ Wound not healing compared with no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects on perineal wound healing: Day 5 ‐ Wound edges gaping · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack or cold gel pad) changes adverse effects on perineal wound healing: Day 5 ‐ Wound edges gaping compared with no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal views and experiences of treatment ‐ Satisfaction with overall perineal care (good + very good + excellent) Day 10 · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack or cold gel pad) changes maternal views and experiences of treatment ‐ Satisfaction with… compared with no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal views and experiences of treatment ‐ Psychospiritual comfort within 6 hours of giving birth · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal views and experiences of treatment ‐ Sociocultural comfort · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
1 finding from 1 review
Perineal pain within 4 ‐ 6 hours of giving birth · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
1 finding from 1 review
Perineal pain 24 ‐ 48 hours after giving birth · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
1 finding from 1 review
Perineal oedema 24 ‐ 48 hours after giving birth · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth
1 finding from 1 review