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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

729 questions · 775 findings · 58 reviews · Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma

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No studies found 166 · 21.4%GRADE not reported 24 · 3.1%Very low 356 · 45.9%Low 162 · 20.9%Moderate 47 · 6.1%High 20 · 2.6%

Home fall‐hazard reduction vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people sustaining one or more fall‐related fractures · older people living in the community (included trials conducting pre‐ and/or post‐hospital discharge home visits focusing on fall…

It is very uncertain whether home fall‐hazard reduction changes number of people who experienced 1 or more fall‐related fractures compared with control (e.g. usual care) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Home fall‐hazard reduction vs control (e.g. usual activities)

Number of people who experience a fall that required hospital admission · older people living in the community (included trials conducting pre‐ and/or post‐hospital discharge home visits focusing on fall…

Home fall‐hazard reduction showed no clear difference in number of people who experienced 1 or more falls that resulted in… compared with control (e.g. usual care) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Home fall‐hazard reduction vs control (e.g. usual activities)

QoL · older people living in the community (included trials conducting pre‐ and/or post‐hospital discharge home visits focusing on fall…

Home fall‐hazard reduction showed no clear difference in health‐related quality of life SMD was calculated from 4 studies… compared with control (e.g. usual care) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Assistive technology for vision improvement interventions vs usual care or attention control

Falls · Older people living in the community

Assistive technology for vision improvement interventions showed no clear difference in rate of falls (falls per person‐years) compared with usual care or attention control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Assistive technology for vision improvement interventions vs usual care or attention control

Number of people who experienced one or more falls · Older people living in the community

Assistive technology for vision improvement interventions showed no clear difference in number of people who experienced 1 or more falls compared with usual care or attention control (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

CBT interventions (CBT with and without exercise) vs control (standard care or sham treatments)

Falls · older adults (mean age minus 1 standard deviation is more than 60 years)

It is very uncertain whether CBT interventions (CBT with and without exercise) changes occurrence of falls compared with control (standard care or sham treatments) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cephalomedullary nails vs extramedullary implants

Functional status, early (within 4 months): using HHS (range from 0 to 100) and Johansen hip score (range from 0 to 100); higher scores indicate better function · older adults (> 60 years of age) with extracapsular hip fractures

Cephalomedullary nails showed no clear difference in functional status, early (≤ 4 months): using Zűckerman functional… compared with extramedullary implants (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review