Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

2,252 questions · 2,353 findings · 210 reviews · Neonatal

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No studies found 432 · 18.4%GRADE not reported 99 · 4.2%Very low 609 · 25.9%Low 737 · 31.3%Moderate 385 · 16.4%High 91 · 3.9%

Phenobarbital vs diazepam

Adverse events To discharge · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Phenobarbital vs chlorpromazine

Treatment failure To discharge · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

It is very uncertain whether phenobarbital changes treatment failure To discharge compared with chlorpromazine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.55 [0.33, 0.92]
2 studies · 138 participants
Very low

Phenobarbital vs chlorpromazine

Seizures To discharge · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 140 participants
Very low

Phenobarbital vs chlorpromazine

Neonatal or infant mortality · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Phenobarbital vs chlorpromazine

Neurodevelopmental disability · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Phenobarbital vs chlorpromazine

Length of hospital stay · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 87 participants
Low

Phenobarbital vs supportive care

Seizures To discharge · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 62 participants
Very low

Phenobarbital vs chlorpromazine

Days' pharmacological treatment · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Phenobarbital vs chlorpromazine

Adverse events To discharge · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 100 participants
Low

Phenobarbital and opioid vs opioid

Treatment failure To discharge · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Phenobarbital and opioid vs opioid

Seizures To discharge · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Very low

Phenobarbital and opioid vs opioid

Neonatal or infant mortality · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Phenobarbital and opioid vs opioid

Neurodevelopmental disability · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Phenobarbital and opioid vs opioid

Length of hospital stay · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 20 participants
Low

Phenobarbital and opioid vs opioid

Days' pharmacological treatment · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Phenobarbital and opioid vs opioid

Adverse events To discharge · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Clonidine and opioid vs opioid

Treatment failure To discharge · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

It is very uncertain whether clonidine and opioid changes treatment failure To discharge compared with opioid alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.09 [0.01, 1.59]
1 study · 80 participants
Very low

Phenobarbital vs supportive care

Neonatal or infant mortality · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Clonidine and opioid vs opioid

Seizures To discharge · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

It is very uncertain whether clonidine and opioid changes seizures To discharge compared with opioid alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.14 [0.01, 2.68]
1 study · 80 participants
Very low

Clonidine and opioid vs opioid

Mortality after discharge (1‐3 months) · newborn infants with opioid withdrawal

It is very uncertain whether clonidine and opioid changes mortality post discharge compared with opioid alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Sedatives for opioid withdrawal in newborn infants 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 7 [0.37, 131.28]
1 study · 80 participants
Very low