Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

2,510 questions · 2,653 findings · 194 reviews · Gynaecology and Fertility

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No studies found 531 · 20%GRADE not reported 76 · 2.9%Very low 826 · 31.1%Low 855 · 32.2%Moderate 341 · 12.9%High 24 · 0.9%

IUI in a natural cycle vs TI or expectant management

Live birth rate per couple (all cycles)‐ clomiphene citrate or letrozole · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a natural cycle showed no clear difference in live birth rates per couple (all cycles) compared with TI or expectant management (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.6 [0.92, 2.78]
1 study · 334 participants
Low

IUI in a stimulated cycle vs TI or expectant management

Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome rate per woman ‐ not reported · participants with unexplained subfertility

It is very uncertain whether IUI in a stimulated cycle changes ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome rate per woman compared with TI or expectant management (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.75 [0.11, 69.83]
1 study · 68 participants
Very low
Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

IUI in a stimulated cycle vs TI or expectant management

Miscarriage · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a stimulated cycle showed no clear difference in miscarriage rate per couple compared with TI or expectant management (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.66 [0.56, 4.88]
2 studies · 208 participants
Low
Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.87 [1.18, 7.01]
2 studies · 454 participants
Moderate

IUI in a stimulated cycle vs TI or expectant management

Ectopic pregnancy rate per couple · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a stimulated cycle showed no clear difference in ectopic pregnancy rate per couple compared with TI or expectant management (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 3.06 [0.12, 76.95]
1 study · 100 participants
Low
Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 9.28 [0.49, 174.6]
1 study · 201 participants
Low

IUI in a stimulated cycle vs TI or expectant management

Live birth rate per couple (all cycles)‐ clomiphene citrate or letrozole · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a stimulated cycle probably leads to higher live birth rate per couple (all cycles)‐ clomiphene citrate or… compared with TI or expectant management (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 4.48 [2, 10.01]
1 study · 201 participants
Moderate

IUI in a stimulated cycle vs TI or expectant management

Live birth rate per couple · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a stimulated cycle showed no clear difference in live birth rate per couple (all cycles)‐ clomiphene citrate or… compared with TI or expectant management (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.82 [0.45, 1.49]
1 study · 253 participants
Low
Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.59 [0.88, 2.88]
2 studies · 208 participants
Low

IUI in a stimulated cycle vs TI or expectant management

Multiple pregnancy rate · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a stimulated cycle showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy rate per couple compared with TI or expectant management (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 3.01 [0.47, 19.28]
2 studies · 454 participants
Low
Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.46 [0.55, 3.87]
4 studies · 316 participants
Low

IUI in a stimulated cycle vs TI or expectant management

Pregnancy rate · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a stimulated cycle probably leads to higher pregnancy rate per couple (all cycles)‐ clomiphene citrate or… compared with TI or expectant management (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 4.68 [2.22, 9.86]
1 study · 201 participants
Moderate

IUI in a natural cycle vs TI or expectant management

Multiple pregnancy rate · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a natural cycle showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy rate per couple compared with TI or expectant management (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.5 [0.04, 5.53]
1 study · 334 participants
Low
Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.05 [0.07, 16.9]
1 study · 342 participants
Low

IUI in a natural cycle vs TI or expectant management

Live birth rate per couple · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a natural cycle probably leads to higher live birth rate per couple (all cycles) compared with TI or expectant management (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.95 [1.1, 3.44]
1 study · 342 participants
Moderate

IUI in a natural cycle vs TI or expectant management

Pregnancy rate per couple (all cycles) · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a natural cycle probably leads to higher pregnancy rate per couple (all cycles) compared with TI or expectant management (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.77 [1.01, 3.08]
1 study · 342 participants
Moderate
Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 1.53 [0.88, 2.64]
1 study · 334 participants
Low

IUI in a natural cycle vs TI or expectant management

Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome rate per woman ‐ not reported · participants with unexplained subfertility

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

IUI in a natural cycle vs TI or expectant management

Miscarriage per couple · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a natural cycle showed no clear difference in miscarriage rater per couple compared with TI or expectant management (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 0.91 [0.32, 2.58]
1 study · 342 participants
Low

IUI in a natural cycle vs TI or expectant management

Ectopic pregnancy rate per couple · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a natural cycle showed no clear difference in ectopic pregnancy rate per couple compared with TI or expectant management (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 5.3 [0.25, 111.26]
1 study · 342 participants
Low
Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 5.06 [0.24, 1106.21]
1 study · 334 participants
Low

IUI in a stimulated cycle vs IUI

Live birth rare per couple (all cycles) · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a stimulated cycle may leads to higher live birth rare per couple (all cycles) compared with IUI (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 2.07 [1.22, 3.5]
4 studies · 396 participants
Low

IUI in a stimulated cycle vs IUI

Multiple pregnancy rate · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a stimulated cycle showed no clear difference in multiple pregnancy rate per couple compared with IUI (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 3 [0.11, 78.27]
1 study · 39 participants
Low

IUI in a stimulated cycle vs IUI

Pregnancy rate per couple (all cycles) · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a stimulated cycle showed no clear difference in pregnancy rate per couple (all cycles) compared with IUI (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 6.43 [0.56, 73.35]
1 study · 26 participants
Low

IUI in a stimulated cycle vs IUI

Ovarian Hyperstimulation rate per woman ‐ not measured · participants with unexplained subfertility

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

IUI in a stimulated cycle vs IUI

Miscarriage · participants with unexplained subfertility

IUI in a stimulated cycle showed no clear difference in miscarriage rate per couple compared with IUI (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 5.21 [0.19, 141.08]
1 study · 26 participants
Low

IUI in a stimulated cycle vs IUI

Ectopic pregnancy rate per couple · participants with unexplained subfertility

It is very uncertain whether IUI in a stimulated cycle changes ectopic pregnancy rate per couple compared with IUI (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intra‐uterine insemination for unexplained subfertility 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
OR 6.48 [0.33, 127.09]
1 study · 211 participants
Very low